Fix some RenderShortcodes error cases

This issue fixes two cases where `{{__hugo_ctx` artifacts were left in the rendered output:

1. Inclusion when `.RenderShortcodes` is wrapped in HTML.
2. Inclusion of Markdown file without a trailing newline in some cases.

Closes #12854
Updates #12998

13 files changed, 283 insertions, 141 deletions

diff --git a/common/constants/constants.go b/common/constants/constants.go
index f8f057e05..752aef72c 100644
--- a/common/constants/constants.go
+++ b/common/constants/constants.go
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ const (
 	ErrRemoteGetCSV  = "error-remote-getcsv"
 
 	WarnFrontMatterParamsOverrides = "warning-frontmatter-params-overrides"
+	WarnRenderShortcodesInHTML     = "warning-rendershortcodes-in-html"
 )
 
 // Field/method names with special meaning.
diff --git a/hugolib/collections_test.go b/hugolib/collections_test.go
index fff57337f..a8c817bec 100644
--- a/hugolib/collections_test.go
+++ b/hugolib/collections_test.go
@@ -71,9 +71,9 @@ tags_weight: %d
 {{ $pageGroups := slice $cool $blue }}
 {{ $weighted := slice $wp1 $wp2 }}
 
-{{ printf "pages:%d:%T:%v/%v" (len $pages) $pages (index $pages 0) (index $pages 1) }}
-{{ printf "pageGroups:%d:%T:%v/%v" (len $pageGroups) $pageGroups (index (index $pageGroups 0).Pages 0) (index (index $pageGroups 1).Pages 0)}}
-{{ printf "weightedPages:%d::%T:%v" (len $weighted) $weighted $weighted | safeHTML }}
+{{ printf "pages:%d:%T:%s|%s" (len $pages) $pages (index $pages 0).Path (index $pages 1).Path }}
+{{ printf "pageGroups:%d:%T:%s|%s" (len $pageGroups) $pageGroups (index (index $pageGroups 0).Pages 0).Path (index (index $pageGroups 1).Pages 0).Path}}
+{{ printf "weightedPages:%d:%T" (len $weighted) $weighted | safeHTML }}
 
 `)
 	b.CreateSites().Build(BuildCfg{})
@@ -82,9 +82,9 @@ tags_weight: %d
 	c.Assert(len(b.H.Sites[0].RegularPages()), qt.Equals, 2)
 
 	b.AssertFileContent("public/index.html",
-		"pages:2:page.Pages:Page(/page1)/Page(/page2)",
-		"pageGroups:2:page.PagesGroup:Page(/page1)/Page(/page2)",
-		`weightedPages:2::page.WeightedPages:[WeightedPage(10,"Page") WeightedPage(20,"Page")]`)
+		"pages:2:page.Pages:/page1|/page2",
+		"pageGroups:2:page.PagesGroup:/page1|/page2",
+		`weightedPages:2:page.WeightedPages`)
 }
 
 func TestUnionFunc(t *testing.T) {
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ tags_weight: %d
 {{ $appendStrings := slice "a" "b" | append "c" "d" "e" }}
 {{ $appendStringsSlice := slice "a" "b" "c" | append (slice "c" "d") }}
 
-{{ printf "pages:%d:%T:%v/%v" (len $pages) $pages (index $pages 0) (index $pages 1)  }}
+{{ printf "pages:%d:%T:%s|%s" (len $pages) $pages (index $pages 0).Path (index $pages 1).Path  }}
 {{ printf "appendPages:%d:%T:%v/%v" (len $appendPages) $appendPages (index $appendPages 0).Kind (index $appendPages 8).Kind  }}
 {{ printf "appendStrings:%T:%v"  $appendStrings $appendStrings  }}
 {{ printf "appendStringsSlice:%T:%v"  $appendStringsSlice $appendStringsSlice }}
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ tags_weight: %d
 	c.Assert(len(b.H.Sites[0].RegularPages()), qt.Equals, 2)
 
 	b.AssertFileContent("public/index.html",
-		"pages:2:page.Pages:Page(/page2)/Page(/page1)",
+		"pages:2:page.Pages:/page2|/page1",
 		"appendPages:9:page.Pages:home/page",
 		"appendStrings:[]string:[a b c d e]",
 		"appendStringsSlice:[]string:[a b c c d]",
diff --git a/hugolib/integrationtest_builder.go b/hugolib/integrationtest_builder.go
index b806ad7c1..5dc13592f 100644
--- a/hugolib/integrationtest_builder.go
+++ b/hugolib/integrationtest_builder.go
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package hugolib
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
+	"context"
 	"encoding/base64"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
@@ -32,6 +33,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/gohugoio/hugo/htesting"
 	"github.com/gohugoio/hugo/hugofs"
 	"github.com/spf13/afero"
+	"github.com/spf13/cast"
 	"golang.org/x/text/unicode/norm"
 	"golang.org/x/tools/txtar"
 )
@@ -294,6 +296,12 @@ func (s *IntegrationTestBuilder) AssertFileContent(filename string, matches ...s
 	}
 }
 
+func (s *IntegrationTestBuilder) AssertFileContentEquals(filename string, match string) {
+	s.Helper()
+	content := s.FileContent(filename)
+	s.Assert(content, qt.Equals, match, qt.Commentf(match))
+}
+
 func (s *IntegrationTestBuilder) AssertFileContentExact(filename string, matches ...string) {
 	s.Helper()
 	content := s.FileContent(filename)
@@ -302,6 +310,16 @@ func (s *IntegrationTestBuilder) AssertFileContentExact(filename string, matches
 	}
 }
 
+func (s *IntegrationTestBuilder) AssertNoRenderShortcodesArtifacts() {
+	s.Helper()
+	for _, p := range s.H.Pages() {
+		content, err := p.Content(context.Background())
+		s.Assert(err, qt.IsNil)
+		comment := qt.Commentf("Page: %s\n%s", p.Path(), content)
+		s.Assert(strings.Contains(cast.ToString(content), "__hugo_ctx"), qt.IsFalse, comment)
+	}
+}
+
 func (s *IntegrationTestBuilder) AssertPublishDir(matches ...string) {
 	s.AssertFs(s.fs.PublishDir, matches...)
 }
@@ -835,6 +853,11 @@ type IntegrationTestConfig struct {
 
 	// The files to use on txtar format, see
 	// https://pkg.go.dev/golang.org/x/exp/cmd/txtar
+	// There are some conentions used in this test setup.
+	// - §§§ can be used to wrap code fences.
+	// - §§ can be used to wrap multiline strings.
+	// - filenames prefixed with sourcefilename: will be read from the file system relative to the current dir.
+	// - filenames with a .png or .jpg extension will be treated as binary and base64 decoded.
 	TxtarString string
 
 	// COnfig to use as the base. We will also read the config from the txtar.
diff --git a/hugolib/menu_test.go b/hugolib/menu_test.go
index 304b4fbf4..6ee62771b 100644
--- a/hugolib/menu_test.go
+++ b/hugolib/menu_test.go
@@ -105,94 +105,6 @@ Menu Main:  {{ partial "menu.html" (dict "page" . "menu" "main") }}`,
 			"/sect3/|Sect3s|Sect3s|0|-|-|")
 }
 
-// related issue #7594
-func TestMenusSort(t *testing.T) {
-	b := newTestSitesBuilder(t).WithSimpleConfigFile()
-
-	b.WithTemplatesAdded("index.html", `
-{{ range $k, $v := .Site.Menus.main }}
-Default1|{{ $k }}|{{ $v.Weight }}|{{ $v.Name }}|{{ .URL }}|{{ $v.Page }}{{ end }}
-{{ range $k, $v := .Site.Menus.main.ByWeight }}
-ByWeight|{{ $k }}|{{ $v.Weight }}|{{ $v.Name }}|{{ .URL }}|{{ $v.Page }}{{ end }}
-{{ range $k, $v := (.Site.Menus.main.ByWeight).Reverse }}
-Reverse|{{ $k }}|{{ $v.Weight }}|{{ $v.Name }}|{{ .URL }}|{{ $v.Page }}{{ end }}
-{{ range $k, $v := .Site.Menus.main }}
-Default2|{{ $k }}|{{ $v.Weight }}|{{ $v.Name }}|{{ .URL }}|{{ $v.Page }}{{ end }}
-{{ range $k, $v := .Site.Menus.main.ByWeight }}
-ByWeight|{{ $k }}|{{ $v.Weight }}|{{ $v.Name }}|{{ .URL }}|{{ $v.Page }}{{ end }}
-{{ range $k, $v := .Site.Menus.main }}
-Default3|{{ $k }}|{{ $v.Weight }}|{{ $v.Name }}|{{ .URL }}|{{ $v.Page }}{{ end }}
-`)
-
-	b.WithContent("_index.md", `
----
-title: Home
-menu:
-  main:
-    weight: 100
----`)
-
-	b.WithContent("blog/A.md", `
----
-title: "A"
-menu:
-  main:
-    weight: 10
----
-`)
-
-	b.WithContent("blog/B.md", `
----
-title: "B"
-menu:
-  main:
-    weight: 20
----
-`)
-	b.WithContent("blog/C.md", `
----
-title: "C"
-menu:
-  main:
-    weight: 30
----
-`)
-
-	b.Build(BuildCfg{})
-
-	b.AssertFileContent("public/index.html",
-		`Default1|0|10|A|/blog/a/|Page(/blog/a)
-        Default1|1|20|B|/blog/b/|Page(/blog/b)
-        Default1|2|30|C|/blog/c/|Page(/blog/c)
-        Default1|3|100|Home|/|Page(/)
-
-        ByWeight|0|10|A|/blog/a/|Page(/blog/a)
-        ByWeight|1|20|B|/blog/b/|Page(/blog/b)
-        ByWeight|2|30|C|/blog/c/|Page(/blog/c)
-        ByWeight|3|100|Home|/|Page(/)
-
-        Reverse|0|100|Home|/|Page(/)
-        Reverse|1|30|C|/blog/c/|Page(/blog/c)
-        Reverse|2|20|B|/blog/b/|Page(/blog/b)
-        Reverse|3|10|A|/blog/a/|Page(/blog/a)
-
-        Default2|0|10|A|/blog/a/|Page(/blog/a)
-        Default2|1|20|B|/blog/b/|Page(/blog/b)
-        Default2|2|30|C|/blog/c/|Page(/blog/c)
-        Default2|3|100|Home|/|Page(/)
-
-        ByWeight|0|10|A|/blog/a/|Page(/blog/a)
-        ByWeight|1|20|B|/blog/b/|Page(/blog/b)
-        ByWeight|2|30|C|/blog/c/|Page(/blog/c)
-        ByWeight|3|100|Home|/|Page(/)
-
-        Default3|0|10|A|/blog/a/|Page(/blog/a)
-        Default3|1|20|B|/blog/b/|Page(/blog/b)
-        Default3|2|30|C|/blog/c/|Page(/blog/c)
-        Default3|3|100|Home|/|Page(/)`,
-	)
-}
-
 func TestMenusFrontMatter(t *testing.T) {
 	b := newTestSitesBuilder(t).WithSimpleConfigFile()
 
@@ -437,8 +349,8 @@ url = "/blog/post3"
 	commonTempl := `
 Main: {{ len .Site.Menus.main }}
 {{ range .Site.Menus.main }}
-{{ .Title }}|HasMenuCurrent: {{ $.HasMenuCurrent "main" . }}|Page: {{ .Page }}
-{{ .Title }}|IsMenuCurrent: {{ $.IsMenuCurrent "main" . }}|Page: {{ .Page }}
+{{ .Title }}|HasMenuCurrent: {{ $.HasMenuCurrent "main" . }}|Page: {{ .Page.Path }}
+{{ .Title }}|IsMenuCurrent: {{ $.IsMenuCurrent "main" . }}|Page: {{ .Page.Path }}
 {{ end }}
 `
 
@@ -494,34 +406,34 @@ title: "Contact: With  No Menu Defined"
 
 	b.AssertFileContent("public/index.html", `
 Main: 5
-Home|HasMenuCurrent: false|Page: Page(/)
-Blog|HasMenuCurrent: false|Page: Page(/blog)
-My Post 2: With Menu Defined|HasMenuCurrent: false|Page: Page(/blog/post2)
-My Post 3|HasMenuCurrent: false|Page: Page(/blog/post3)
-Contact Us|HasMenuCurrent: false|Page: Page(/contact)
+Home|HasMenuCurrent: false|Page: /
+Blog|HasMenuCurrent: false|Page: /blog
+My Post 2: With Menu Defined|HasMenuCurrent: false|Page: /blog/post2
+My Post 3|HasMenuCurrent: false|Page: /blog/post3
+Contact Us|HasMenuCurrent: false|Page: /contact
 `)
 
 	b.AssertFileContent("public/blog/post1/index.html", `
-Home|HasMenuCurrent: false|Page: Page(/)
-Blog|HasMenuCurrent: true|Page: Page(/blog)
+Home|HasMenuCurrent: false|Page: /
+Blog|HasMenuCurrent: true|Page: /blog
 `)
 
 	b.AssertFileContent("public/blog/post2/index.html", `
-Home|HasMenuCurrent: false|Page: Page(/)
-Blog|HasMenuCurrent: true|Page: Page(/blog)
-Blog|IsMenuCurrent: false|Page: Page(/blog)
+Home|HasMenuCurrent: false|Page: /
+Blog|HasMenuCurrent: true|Page: /blog
+Blog|IsMenuCurrent: false|Page: /blog
 `)
 
 	b.AssertFileContent("public/blog/post3/index.html", `
-Home|HasMenuCurrent: false|Page: Page(/)
-Blog|HasMenuCurrent: true|Page: Page(/blog)
+Home|HasMenuCurrent: false|Page: /
+Blog|HasMenuCurrent: true|Page: /blog
 `)
 
 	b.AssertFileContent("public/contact/index.html", `
-Contact Us|HasMenuCurrent: false|Page: Page(/contact)
-Contact Us|IsMenuCurrent: true|Page: Page(/contact)
-Blog|HasMenuCurrent: false|Page: Page(/blog)
-Blog|IsMenuCurrent: false|Page: Page(/blog)
+Contact Us|HasMenuCurrent: false|Page: /contact
+Contact Us|IsMenuCurrent: true|Page: /contact
+Blog|HasMenuCurrent: false|Page: /blog
+Blog|IsMenuCurrent: false|Page: /blog
 `)
 }
 
diff --git a/hugolib/page.go b/hugolib/page.go
index 7525ab672..2bc1da044 100644
--- a/hugolib/page.go
+++ b/hugolib/page.go
@@ -16,7 +16,9 @@ package hugolib
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"strconv"
+	"strings"
 	"sync"
 	"sync/atomic"
 
@@ -358,7 +360,22 @@ func (p *pageState) Site() page.Site {
 }
 
 func (p *pageState) String() string {
-	return fmt.Sprintf("Page(%s)", p.Path())
+	var sb strings.Builder
+	if p.File() != nil {
+		// The forward slashes even on Windows is motivated by
+		// getting stable tests.
+		// This information is meant for getting positional information in logs,
+		// so the direction of the slashes should not matter.
+		sb.WriteString(filepath.ToSlash(p.File().Filename()))
+		if p.File().IsContentAdapter() {
+			// Also include the path.
+			sb.WriteString(":")
+			sb.WriteString(p.Path())
+		}
+	} else {
+		sb.WriteString(p.Path())
+	}
+	return sb.String()
 }
 
 // IsTranslated returns whether this content file is translated to
diff --git a/hugolib/rendershortcodes_test.go b/hugolib/rendershortcodes_test.go
index 313c80a73..9a31b6536 100644
--- a/hugolib/rendershortcodes_test.go
+++ b/hugolib/rendershortcodes_test.go
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 package hugolib
 
 import (
+	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 )
@@ -69,6 +70,7 @@ Content: {{ .Content }}|
 
 	b := Test(t, files)
 
+	b.AssertNoRenderShortcodesArtifacts()
 	b.AssertFileContent("public/p1/index.html",
 		"Fragments: [p1-h1 p2-h1 p2-h2 p2-h3 p2-withmarkdown p3-h1 p3-h2 p3-withmarkdown]|",
 		"HasShortcode Level 1: true|",
@@ -115,6 +117,7 @@ JSON: {{ .Content }}
 
 	b := Test(t, files)
 
+	b.AssertNoRenderShortcodesArtifacts()
 	b.AssertFileContent("public/p1/index.html", "Myshort HTML")
 	b.AssertFileContent("public/p1/index.json", "Myshort JSON")
 }
@@ -147,9 +150,11 @@ Myshort Original.
  {{ .Content }}
 `
 	b := TestRunning(t, files)
+	b.AssertNoRenderShortcodesArtifacts()
 	b.AssertFileContent("public/p1/index.html", "Myshort Original.")
 
 	b.EditFileReplaceAll("layouts/shortcodes/myshort.html", "Original", "Edited").Build()
+	b.AssertNoRenderShortcodesArtifacts()
 	b.AssertFileContent("public/p1/index.html", "Myshort Edited.")
 }
 
@@ -192,12 +197,14 @@ Myshort Original.
 		},
 	).Build()
 
+	b.AssertNoRenderShortcodesArtifacts()
 	b.AssertFileContent("public/p1/index.html", "Original")
 
 	b.EditFileReplaceFunc("content/p2.md", func(s string) string {
 		return strings.Replace(s, "Original", "Edited", 1)
 	})
 	b.Build()
+	b.AssertNoRenderShortcodesArtifacts()
 	b.AssertFileContent("public/p1/index.html", "Edited")
 }
 
@@ -233,8 +240,10 @@ Myshort Original.
 `
 	b := TestRunning(t, files)
 
+	b.AssertNoRenderShortcodesArtifacts()
 	b.AssertFileContent("public/mysection/index.html", "p1-h1")
 	b.EditFileReplaceAll("content/mysection/_index.md", "p1-h1", "p1-h1 Edited").Build()
+	b.AssertNoRenderShortcodesArtifacts()
 	b.AssertFileContent("public/mysection/index.html", "p1-h1 Edited")
 }
 
@@ -314,6 +323,8 @@ iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAADUlEQVR42mNkYPhfDwAChwGA60e6kgAA
 
 	b := Test(t, files)
 
+	b.AssertNoRenderShortcodesArtifacts()
+
 	b.AssertFileContent("public/markdown/index.html",
 		// Images.
 		"Image: /posts/p1/pixel1.png|\nImage: /posts/p1/pixel2.png|\n|\nImage: /markdown/pixel3.png|</p>\n|",
@@ -333,3 +344,104 @@ iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAADUlEQVR42mNkYPhfDwAChwGA60e6kgAA
 
 	b.AssertFileContent("public/html/index.html", "! hugo_ctx")
 }
+
+// Issue 12854.
+func TestRenderShortcodesWithHTML(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	files := `
+-- hugo.toml --
+disableLiveReload = true
+disableKinds = ["home", "taxonomy", "term"]
+markup.goldmark.renderer.unsafe = true
+-- content/p1.md --
+---
+title: "p1"
+---
+{{% include "p2" %}}
+-- content/p2.md --
+---
+title: "p2"
+---
+Hello <b>world</b>. Some **bold** text. Some Unicode: 神真美好.
+-- layouts/shortcodes/include.html --
+{{ with site.GetPage (.Get 0) }}
+<div>{{ .RenderShortcodes }}</div>
+{{ end }}
+-- layouts/_default/single.html --
+{{ .Content }}
+`
+
+	b := TestRunning(t, files, TestOptWarn())
+
+	b.AssertNoRenderShortcodesArtifacts()
+	b.AssertLogContains(filepath.ToSlash("WARN  .RenderShortcodes detected inside HTML block in \"/content/p1.md\"; this may not be what you intended, see https://gohugo.io/methods/page/rendershortcodes/#limitations\nYou can suppress this warning by adding the following to your site configuration:\nignoreLogs = ['warning-rendershortcodes-in-html']"))
+	b.AssertFileContent("public/p1/index.html", "<div>Hello <b>world</b>. Some **bold** text. Some Unicode: 神真美好.\n</div>")
+	b.EditFileReplaceAll("content/p2.md", "Hello", "Hello Edited").Build()
+	b.AssertNoRenderShortcodesArtifacts()
+	b.AssertFileContent("public/p1/index.html", "<div>Hello Edited <b>world</b>. Some **bold** text. Some Unicode: 神真美好.\n</div>")
+}
+
+func TestRenderShortcodesIncludeMarkdownFileWithoutTrailingNewline(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	files := `
+-- hugo.toml --
+disableLiveReload = true
+disableKinds = ["home", "taxonomy", "term"]
+markup.goldmark.renderer.unsafe = true
+-- content/p1.md --
+---
+title: "p1"
+---
+Content p1 id-1000.{{% include "p2" %}}{{% include "p3" %}}
+
+§§§ go
+code_p1
+§§§
+§§§ go
+code_p1_2
+§§§
+
+§§§ go
+code_p1_3
+§§§
+-- content/p2.md --
+---
+title: "p2"
+---
+§§§ bash
+code_p2
+§§§
+Foo.
+-- content/p3.md --
+---
+title: "p3"
+---
+§§§ php
+code_p3
+§§§
+-- layouts/shortcodes/include.html --
+{{ with site.GetPage (.Get 0) -}}
+{{ .RenderShortcodes -}}
+{{ end -}}
+-- layouts/_default/single.html --
+{{ .Content }}
+-- layouts/_default/_markup/render-codeblock.html --
+<code>{{ .Inner | safeHTML }}</code>
+`
+
+	b := TestRunning(t, files, TestOptWarn())
+
+	b.AssertNoRenderShortcodesArtifacts()
+	b.AssertFileContentEquals("public/p1/index.html", "<p>Content p1 id-1000.</p>\n<code>code_p2</code><p>Foo.\n</p>\n<code>code_p3</code><p></p>\n<code>code_p1</code><code>code_p1_2</code><code>code_p1_3</code>")
+	b.EditFileReplaceAll("content/p1.md", "id-1000.", "id-100.").Build()
+	b.AssertNoRenderShortcodesArtifacts()
+	b.AssertFileContentEquals("public/p1/index.html", "<p>Content p1 id-100.</p>\n<code>code_p2</code><p>Foo.\n</p>\n<code>code_p3</code><p></p>\n<code>code_p1</code><code>code_p1_2</code><code>code_p1_3</code>")
+	b.EditFileReplaceAll("content/p2.md", "code_p2", "codep2").Build()
+	b.AssertNoRenderShortcodesArtifacts()
+	b.AssertFileContentEquals("public/p1/index.html", "<p>Content p1 id-100.</p>\n<code>codep2</code><p>Foo.\n</p>\n<code>code_p3</code><p></p>\n<code>code_p1</code><code>code_p1_2</code><code>code_p1_3</code>")
+	b.EditFileReplaceAll("content/p3.md", "code_p3", "code_p3_edited").Build()
+	b.AssertNoRenderShortcodesArtifacts()
+	b.AssertFileContentEquals("public/p1/index.html", "<p>Content p1 id-100.</p>\n<code>codep2</code><p>Foo.\n</p>\n<code>code_p3_edited</code><p></p>\n<code>code_p1</code><code>code_p1_2</code><code>code_p1_3</code>")
+}
diff --git a/hugolib/shortcode_page.go b/hugolib/shortcode_page.go
index 8030b0285..3d27cc93c 100644
--- a/hugolib/shortcode_page.go
+++ b/hugolib/shortcode_page.go
@@ -125,3 +125,7 @@ func newPageForRenderHook(p *pageState) page.Page {
 func (p *pageForRenderHooks) Unwrapv() any {
 	return p.p
 }
+
+func (p *pageForRenderHooks) String() string {
+	return p.p.String()
+}
diff --git a/markup/goldmark/convert.go b/markup/goldmark/convert.go
index 5c31eee40..ea3bbc4ae 100644
--- a/markup/goldmark/convert.go
+++ b/markup/goldmark/convert.go
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ func newMarkdown(pcfg converter.ProviderConfig) goldmark.Markdown {
 		renderer.WithNodeRenderers(util.Prioritized(emoji.NewHTMLRenderer(), 200)))
 	var (
 		extensions = []goldmark.Extender{
-			hugocontext.New(),
+			hugocontext.New(pcfg.Logger),
 			newLinks(cfg),
 			newTocExtension(tocRendererOptions),
 			blockquotes.New(),
diff --git a/markup/goldmark/goldmark_integration_test.go b/markup/goldmark/goldmark_integration_test.go
index c691435ee..19b18692e 100644
--- a/markup/goldmark/goldmark_integration_test.go
+++ b/markup/goldmark/goldmark_integration_test.go
@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@ sc3_begin|{{ .Inner }}|sc3_end
 		// Issue #7332
 		"<span>:x:\n</span>",
 		// Issue #11587
-		"<p>&#x2714;&#xfe0f;</p>",
+		"<p>&#x2714;&#xfe0f;\n</p>",
 		// Should not be converted to emoji
 		"sc1_begin|:smiley:|sc1_end",
 		// Should be converted to emoji
diff --git a/markup/goldmark/hugocontext/hugocontext.go b/markup/goldmark/hugocontext/hugocontext.go
index b9c548dac..223c30c91 100644
--- a/markup/goldmark/hugocontext/hugocontext.go
+++ b/markup/goldmark/hugocontext/hugocontext.go
@@ -16,20 +16,24 @@ package hugocontext
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"fmt"
+	"regexp"
 	"strconv"
 
 	"github.com/gohugoio/hugo/bufferpool"
+	"github.com/gohugoio/hugo/common/constants"
+	"github.com/gohugoio/hugo/common/loggers"
 	"github.com/gohugoio/hugo/markup/goldmark/internal/render"
 	"github.com/yuin/goldmark"
 	"github.com/yuin/goldmark/ast"
 	"github.com/yuin/goldmark/parser"
 	"github.com/yuin/goldmark/renderer"
+	"github.com/yuin/goldmark/renderer/html"
 	"github.com/yuin/goldmark/text"
 	"github.com/yuin/goldmark/util"
 )
 
-func New() goldmark.Extender {
-	return &hugoContextExtension{}
+func New(logger loggers.Logger) goldmark.Extender {
+	return &hugoContextExtension{logger: logger}
 }
 
 // Wrap wraps the given byte slice in a Hugo context that used to determine the correct Page
@@ -37,14 +41,19 @@ func New() goldmark.Extender {
 func Wrap(b []byte, pid uint64) string {
 	buf := bufferpool.GetBuffer()
 	defer bufferpool.PutBuffer(buf)
-	buf.Write(prefix)
+	buf.Write(hugoCtxPrefix)
 	buf.WriteString(" pid=")
 	buf.WriteString(strconv.FormatUint(pid, 10))
-	buf.Write(endDelim)
+	buf.Write(hugoCtxEndDelim)
 	buf.WriteByte('\n')
 	buf.Write(b)
-	buf.Write(prefix)
-	buf.Write(closingDelimAndNewline)
+	// To make sure that we're able to parse it, make sure it ends with a newline.
+	if len(b) > 0 && b[len(b)-1] != '\n' {
+		buf.WriteByte('\n')
+	}
+	buf.Write(hugoCtxPrefix)
+	buf.Write(hugoCtxClosingDelim)
+	buf.WriteByte('\n')
 	return buf.String()
 }
 
@@ -89,45 +98,100 @@ func (h *HugoContext) Kind() ast.NodeKind {
 }
 
 var (
-	prefix                 = []byte("{{__hugo_ctx")
-	endDelim               = []byte("}}")
-	closingDelimAndNewline = []byte("/}}\n")
+	hugoCtxPrefix       = []byte("{{__hugo_ctx")
+	hugoCtxEndDelim     = []byte("}}")
+	hugoCtxClosingDelim = []byte("/}}")
+	hugoCtxRe           = regexp.MustCompile(`{{__hugo_ctx( pid=\d+)?/?}}\n?`)
 )
 
 var _ parser.InlineParser = (*hugoContextParser)(nil)
 
 type hugoContextParser struct{}
 
-func (s *hugoContextParser) Parse(parent ast.Node, block text.Reader, pc parser.Context) ast.Node {
-	line, _ := block.PeekLine()
-	if !bytes.HasPrefix(line, prefix) {
+func (a *hugoContextParser) Trigger() []byte {
+	return []byte{'{'}
+}
+
+func (s *hugoContextParser) Parse(parent ast.Node, reader text.Reader, pc parser.Context) ast.Node {
+	line, _ := reader.PeekLine()
+	if !bytes.HasPrefix(line, hugoCtxPrefix) {
 		return nil
 	}
-	end := bytes.Index(line, endDelim)
+	end := bytes.Index(line, hugoCtxEndDelim)
 	if end == -1 {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	block.Advance(end + len(endDelim) + 1) // +1 for the newline
+	reader.Advance(end + len(hugoCtxEndDelim) + 1) // +1 for the newline
 
 	if line[end-1] == '/' {
 		return &HugoContext{Closing: true}
 	}
 
-	attrBytes := line[len(prefix)+1 : end]
+	attrBytes := line[len(hugoCtxPrefix)+1 : end]
 	h := &HugoContext{}
 	h.parseAttrs(attrBytes)
 	return h
 }
 
-func (a *hugoContextParser) Trigger() []byte {
-	return []byte{'{'}
+type hugoContextRenderer struct {
+	logger loggers.Logger
+	html.Config
 }
 
-type hugoContextRenderer struct{}
+func (r *hugoContextRenderer) SetOption(name renderer.OptionName, value any) {
+	r.Config.SetOption(name, value)
+}
 
 func (r *hugoContextRenderer) RegisterFuncs(reg renderer.NodeRendererFuncRegisterer) {
 	reg.Register(kindHugoContext, r.handleHugoContext)
+	reg.Register(ast.KindHTMLBlock, r.renderHTMLBlock)
+}
+
+func (r *hugoContextRenderer) stripHugoCtx(b []byte) ([]byte, bool) {
+	if !bytes.Contains(b, hugoCtxPrefix) {
+		return b, false
+	}
+	return hugoCtxRe.ReplaceAll(b, nil), true
+}
+
+func (r *hugoContextRenderer) renderHTMLBlock(
+	w util.BufWriter, source []byte, node ast.Node, entering bool,
+) (ast.WalkStatus, error) {
+	n := node.(*ast.HTMLBlock)
+	if entering {
+		if r.Unsafe {
+			l := n.Lines().Len()
+			for i := 0; i < l; i++ {
+				line := n.Lines().At(i)
+				linev := line.Value(source)
+				var stripped bool
+				linev, stripped = r.stripHugoCtx(linev)
+				if stripped {
+					var p any
+					ctx, ok := w.(*render.Context)
+					if ok {
+						p, _ = render.GetPageAndPageInner(ctx)
+					}
+					r.logger.Warnidf(constants.WarnRenderShortcodesInHTML, ".RenderShortcodes detected inside HTML block in %q; this may not be what you intended, see https://gohugo.io/methods/page/rendershortcodes/#limitations", p)
+				}
+
+				r.Writer.SecureWrite(w, linev)
+			}
+		} else {
+			_, _ = w.WriteString("<!-- raw HTML omitted -->\n")
+		}
+	} else {
+		if n.HasClosure() {
+			if r.Unsafe {
+				closure := n.ClosureLine
+				r.Writer.SecureWrite(w, closure.Value(source))
+			} else {
+				_, _ = w.WriteString("<!-- raw HTML omitted -->\n")
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return ast.WalkContinue, nil
 }
 
 func (r *hugoContextRenderer) handleHugoContext(w util.BufWriter, source []byte, node ast.Node, entering bool) (ast.WalkStatus, error) {
@@ -148,7 +212,9 @@ func (r *hugoContextRenderer) handleHugoContext(w util.BufWriter, source []byte,
 	return ast.WalkContinue, nil
 }
 
-type hugoContextExtension struct{}
+type hugoContextExtension struct {
+	logger loggers.Logger
+}
 
 func (a *hugoContextExtension) Extend(m goldmark.Markdown) {
 	m.Parser().AddOptions(
@@ -159,7 +225,12 @@ func (a *hugoContextExtension) Extend(m goldmark.Markdown) {
 
 	m.Renderer().AddOptions(
 		renderer.WithNodeRenderers(
-			util.Prioritized(&hugoContextRenderer{}, 50),
+			util.Prioritized(&hugoContextRenderer{
+				logger: a.logger,
+				Config: html.Config{
+					Writer: html.DefaultWriter,
+				},
+			}, 50),
 		),
 	)
 }
diff --git a/markup/goldmark/hugocontext/hugocontext_test.go b/markup/goldmark/hugocontext/hugocontext_test.go
index 4a6eb80f5..62769f4d0 100644
--- a/markup/goldmark/hugocontext/hugocontext_test.go
+++ b/markup/goldmark/hugocontext/hugocontext_test.go
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ func TestWrap(t *testing.T) {
 
 	b := []byte("test")
 
-	c.Assert(Wrap(b, 42), qt.Equals, "{{__hugo_ctx pid=42}}\ntest{{__hugo_ctx/}}\n")
+	c.Assert(Wrap(b, 42), qt.Equals, "{{__hugo_ctx pid=42}}\ntest\n{{__hugo_ctx/}}\n")
 }
 
 func BenchmarkWrap(b *testing.B) {
diff --git a/resources/page/page.go b/resources/page/page.go
index 4cda8d31f..20525669c 100644
--- a/resources/page/page.go
+++ b/resources/page/page.go
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ package page
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"fmt"
 	"html/template"
 
 	"github.com/gohugoio/hugo/markup/converter"
@@ -180,6 +181,7 @@ type Page interface {
 	ContentProvider
 	TableOfContentsProvider
 	PageWithoutContent
+	fmt.Stringer
 }
 
 type PageFragment interface {
diff --git a/resources/page/page_markup_integration_test.go b/resources/page/page_markup_integration_test.go
index 010a9d729..425099215 100644
--- a/resources/page/page_markup_integration_test.go
+++ b/resources/page/page_markup_integration_test.go
@@ -161,13 +161,13 @@ includecontent: {{ hugo.Context.MarkupScope }}|{{ $p.Markup.Render.Content }}|
 
 	b := hugolib.Test(t, files)
 
-	b.AssertFileContent("public/p1/index.html", "Render heading: title: P1 scope: |", "Foo scope: |")
+	b.AssertFileContentExact("public/p1/index.html", "Render heading: title: P1 scope: |", "Foo scope: |")
 
-	b.AssertFileContent("public/index.html",
+	b.AssertFileContentExact("public/index.html",
+		"Begin:\nincludecontent: home|Render heading: title: P3 scope: home|Foo scope: home|\n|\n:End",
 		"Render heading: title: P1 scope: home|",
 		"Foo scope: home|",
 		"Begin:\nincluderendershortcodes: home|</p>\nRender heading: title: P2 scope: home|<p>|:End",
-		"Begin:\nincludecontent: home|Render heading: title: P3 scope: home|Foo scope: home|\n|\n:End",
 	)
 }