Collect HTML elements during the build to use in PurgeCSS etc.

The main use case for this is to use with resources.PostProcess and resources.PostCSS with purgecss.

You would normally set it up to extract keywords from your templates, doing it from the full /public takes forever for bigger sites.

Doing the template thing misses dynamically created class names etc., and it's hard/impossible to set up in when using themes.

You can enable this in your site config:

```toml
[build]
  writeStats = true
```

It will then write a `hugo_stats.json` file to the project root as part of the build.

If you're only using this for the production build, you should consider putting it below `config/production`.

You can then set it up with PostCSS like this:

```js
const purgecss = require('@fullhuman/postcss-purgecss')({
    content: [ './hugo_stats.json' ],
    defaultExtractor: (content) => {
        let els = JSON.parse(content).htmlElements;
        return els.tags.concat(els.classes, els.ids);
    }
});

module.exports = {
    plugins: [
        require('tailwindcss'),
        require('autoprefixer'),
        ...(process.env.HUGO_ENVIRONMENT === 'production' ? [ purgecss ] : [])
    ]
};
```

Fixes #6999

4 files changed, 386 insertions, 24 deletions

diff --git a/publisher/htmlElementsCollector.go b/publisher/htmlElementsCollector.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c6e0d3f0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/publisher/htmlElementsCollector.go
@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+// Copyright 2020 The Hugo Authors. All rights reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package publisher
+
+import (
+	"github.com/gohugoio/hugo/helpers"
+	"golang.org/x/net/html"
+	yaml "gopkg.in/yaml.v2"
+
+	"bytes"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+)
+
+func newHTMLElementsCollector() *htmlElementsCollector {
+	return &htmlElementsCollector{
+		elementSet: make(map[string]bool),
+	}
+}
+
+func newHTMLElementsCollectorWriter(collector *htmlElementsCollector) *cssClassCollectorWriter {
+	return &cssClassCollectorWriter{
+		collector: collector,
+	}
+}
+
+// HTMLElements holds lists of tags and attribute values for classes and id.
+type HTMLElements struct {
+	Tags    []string `json:"tags"`
+	Classes []string `json:"classes"`
+	IDs     []string `json:"ids"`
+}
+
+func (h *HTMLElements) Merge(other HTMLElements) {
+	h.Tags = append(h.Tags, other.Tags...)
+	h.Classes = append(h.Classes, other.Classes...)
+	h.IDs = append(h.IDs, other.IDs...)
+
+	h.Tags = helpers.UniqueStringsReuse(h.Tags)
+	h.Classes = helpers.UniqueStringsReuse(h.Classes)
+	h.IDs = helpers.UniqueStringsReuse(h.IDs)
+
+}
+
+func (h *HTMLElements) Sort() {
+	sort.Strings(h.Tags)
+	sort.Strings(h.Classes)
+	sort.Strings(h.IDs)
+}
+
+type cssClassCollectorWriter struct {
+	collector *htmlElementsCollector
+	buff      bytes.Buffer
+
+	isCollecting bool
+	dropValue    bool
+	inQuote      bool
+}
+
+func (w *cssClassCollectorWriter) Write(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
+	n = len(p)
+	i := 0
+
+	for i < len(p) {
+		if !w.isCollecting {
+			for ; i < len(p); i++ {
+				b := p[i]
+				if b == '<' {
+					w.startCollecting()
+					break
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if w.isCollecting {
+			for ; i < len(p); i++ {
+				b := p[i]
+				if !w.inQuote && b == '/' {
+					// End element, we don't care about those.
+					w.endCollecting(true)
+					break
+				}
+				w.toggleIfQuote(b)
+				if !w.inQuote && b == '>' {
+					w.endCollecting(false)
+					break
+				}
+				w.buff.WriteByte(b)
+			}
+
+			if !w.isCollecting {
+				if w.dropValue {
+					w.buff.Reset()
+				} else {
+					// First check if we have processed this element before.
+					w.collector.mu.RLock()
+
+					// See https://github.com/dominikh/go-tools/issues/723
+					//lint:ignore S1030 This construct avoids memory allocation for the string.
+					seen := w.collector.elementSet[string(w.buff.Bytes())]
+					w.collector.mu.RUnlock()
+					if seen {
+						w.buff.Reset()
+						continue
+					}
+
+					s := w.buff.String()
+
+					w.buff.Reset()
+
+					el := parseHTMLElement(s)
+
+					w.collector.mu.Lock()
+					w.collector.elementSet[s] = true
+					if el.Tag != "" {
+						w.collector.elements = append(w.collector.elements, el)
+					}
+					w.collector.mu.Unlock()
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
+func (c *cssClassCollectorWriter) endCollecting(drop bool) {
+	c.isCollecting = false
+	c.inQuote = false
+	c.dropValue = drop
+}
+
+func (c *cssClassCollectorWriter) startCollecting() {
+	c.isCollecting = true
+	c.dropValue = false
+}
+
+func (c *cssClassCollectorWriter) toggleIfQuote(b byte) {
+	if isQuote(b) {
+		c.inQuote = !c.inQuote
+	}
+}
+
+type htmlElement struct {
+	Tag     string
+	Classes []string
+	IDs     []string
+}
+
+type htmlElementsCollector struct {
+	// Contains the raw HTML string. We will get the same element
+	// several times, and want to avoid costly reparsing when this
+	// is used for aggregated data only.
+	elementSet map[string]bool
+
+	elements []htmlElement
+
+	mu sync.RWMutex
+}
+
+func (c *htmlElementsCollector) getHTMLElements() HTMLElements {
+
+	var (
+		classes []string
+		ids     []string
+		tags    []string
+	)
+
+	for _, el := range c.elements {
+		classes = append(classes, el.Classes...)
+		ids = append(ids, el.IDs...)
+		tags = append(tags, el.Tag)
+	}
+
+	classes = helpers.UniqueStringsSorted(classes)
+	ids = helpers.UniqueStringsSorted(ids)
+	tags = helpers.UniqueStringsSorted(tags)
+
+	els := HTMLElements{
+		Classes: classes,
+		IDs:     ids,
+		Tags:    tags,
+	}
+
+	return els
+}
+
+func isQuote(b byte) bool {
+	return b == '"' || b == '\''
+}
+
+var htmlJsonFixer = strings.NewReplacer(", ", "\n")
+
+func parseHTMLElement(elStr string) (el htmlElement) {
+	elStr = strings.TrimSpace(elStr)
+	if !strings.HasSuffix(elStr, ">") {
+		elStr += ">"
+	}
+	n, err := html.Parse(strings.NewReader(elStr))
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	var walk func(*html.Node)
+	walk = func(n *html.Node) {
+		if n.Type == html.ElementNode && strings.Contains(elStr, n.Data) {
+			el.Tag = n.Data
+
+			for _, a := range n.Attr {
+				switch {
+				case strings.EqualFold(a.Key, "id"):
+					// There should be only one, but one never knows...
+					el.IDs = append(el.IDs, a.Val)
+				default:
+					if strings.EqualFold(a.Key, "class") {
+						el.Classes = append(el.Classes, strings.Fields(a.Val)...)
+					} else {
+						key := strings.ToLower(a.Key)
+						val := strings.TrimSpace(a.Val)
+						if strings.Contains(key, "class") && strings.HasPrefix(val, "{") {
+							// This looks like a Vue or AlpineJS class binding.
+							// Try to unmarshal it as YAML and pull the keys.
+							// This may look odd, as the source is (probably) JS (JSON), but the YAML
+							// parser is much more lenient with simple JS input, it seems.
+							m := make(map[string]interface{})
+							val = htmlJsonFixer.Replace(strings.Trim(val, "{}"))
+							// Remove leading space to make it look like YAML.
+							lines := strings.Split(val, "\n")
+							for i, l := range lines {
+								lines[i] = strings.TrimSpace(l)
+							}
+							val = strings.Join(lines, "\n")
+							err := yaml.Unmarshal([]byte(val), &m)
+							if err == nil {
+								for k := range m {
+									el.Classes = append(el.Classes, strings.Fields(k)...)
+								}
+							} else {
+								// Just insert the raw values. This is used for CSS class pruning
+								// so, it's important not to leave out values that may be a CSS class.
+								el.Classes = append(el.Classes, strings.Fields(val)...)
+							}
+						}
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		for c := n.FirstChild; c != nil; c = c.NextSibling {
+			walk(c)
+		}
+	}
+
+	walk(n)
+
+	return
+}
diff --git a/publisher/htmlElementsCollector_test.go b/publisher/htmlElementsCollector_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3ef159d8b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/publisher/htmlElementsCollector_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+// Copyright 2020 The Hugo Authors. All rights reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package publisher
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	qt "github.com/frankban/quicktest"
+)
+
+func TestClassCollector(t *testing.T) {
+	c := qt.New((t))
+
+	f := func(tags, classes, ids string) HTMLElements {
+		var tagss, classess, idss []string
+		if tags != "" {
+			tagss = strings.Split(tags, " ")
+		}
+		if classes != "" {
+			classess = strings.Split(classes, " ")
+		}
+		if ids != "" {
+			idss = strings.Split(ids, " ")
+		}
+		return HTMLElements{
+			Tags:    tagss,
+			Classes: classess,
+			IDs:     idss,
+		}
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range []struct {
+		name   string
+		html   string
+		expect HTMLElements
+	}{
+		{"basic", `<body class="b a"></body>`, f("body", "a b", "")},
+		{"duplicates", `<div class="b a b"></div>`, f("div", "a b", "")},
+		{"single quote", `<body class='b a'></body>`, f("body", "a b", "")},
+		{"no quote", `<body class=b id=myelement></body>`, f("body", "b", "myelement")},
+
+		{"AlpineJS bind 1", `<body>
+			<div x-bind:class="{
+        'class1': data.open,
+        'class2 class3': data.foo == 'bar'
+         }">
+			</div>
+		</body>`, f("body div", "class1 class2 class3", "")},
+
+		{"Alpine bind 2", `<div x-bind:class="{ 'bg-black':  filter.checked }"
+                        class="inline-block mr-1 mb-2 rounded  bg-gray-300 px-2 py-2">FOO</div>`,
+			f("div", "bg-black bg-gray-300 inline-block mb-2 mr-1 px-2 py-2 rounded", "")},
+
+		{"Alpine bind 3", `<div x-bind:class="{ 'text-gray-800':  !checked, 'text-white': checked }"></div>`, f("div", "text-gray-800 text-white", "")},
+		{"Alpine bind 4", `<div x-bind:class="{ 'text-gray-800':  !checked, 
+					 'text-white': checked }"></div>`, f("div", "text-gray-800 text-white", "")},
+
+		{"Vue bind", `<div v-bind:class="{ active: isActive }"></div>`, f("div", "active", "")},
+	} {
+		c.Run(test.name, func(c *qt.C) {
+			w := newHTMLElementsCollectorWriter(newHTMLElementsCollector())
+			fmt.Fprint(w, test.html)
+			got := w.collector.getHTMLElements()
+			c.Assert(got, qt.DeepEquals, test.expect)
+		})
+	}
+
+}
diff --git a/publisher/publisher.go b/publisher/publisher.go
index f30073c08..8b8d2fa63 100644
--- a/publisher/publisher.go
+++ b/publisher/publisher.go
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright 2019 The Hugo Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Copyright 2020 The Hugo Authors. All rights reserved.
 //
 // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 // you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -18,7 +18,8 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"sync/atomic"
 
-	"github.com/gohugoio/hugo/config"
+	"github.com/gohugoio/hugo/resources"
+
 	"github.com/gohugoio/hugo/media"
 
 	"github.com/gohugoio/hugo/minifiers"
@@ -68,17 +69,21 @@ type Descriptor struct {
 // DestinationPublisher is the default and currently only publisher in Hugo. This
 // publisher prepares and publishes an item to the defined destination, e.g. /public.
 type DestinationPublisher struct {
-	fs  afero.Fs
-	min minifiers.Client
+	fs                    afero.Fs
+	min                   minifiers.Client
+	htmlElementsCollector *htmlElementsCollector
 }
 
 // NewDestinationPublisher creates a new DestinationPublisher.
-func NewDestinationPublisher(fs afero.Fs, outputFormats output.Formats, mediaTypes media.Types, cfg config.Provider) (pub DestinationPublisher, err error) {
-	pub = DestinationPublisher{fs: fs}
-	pub.min, err = minifiers.New(mediaTypes, outputFormats, cfg)
-	if err != nil {
-		return
+func NewDestinationPublisher(rs *resources.Spec, outputFormats output.Formats, mediaTypes media.Types) (pub DestinationPublisher, err error) {
+	fs := rs.BaseFs.PublishFs
+	cfg := rs.Cfg
+	var classCollector *htmlElementsCollector
+	if rs.BuildConfig.WriteStats {
+		classCollector = newHTMLElementsCollector()
 	}
+	pub = DestinationPublisher{fs: fs, htmlElementsCollector: classCollector}
+	pub.min, err = minifiers.New(mediaTypes, outputFormats, cfg)
 	return
 }
 
@@ -111,16 +116,38 @@ func (p DestinationPublisher) Publish(d Descriptor) error {
 	}
 	defer f.Close()
 
-	_, err = io.Copy(f, src)
+	var w io.Writer = f
+
+	if p.htmlElementsCollector != nil && d.OutputFormat.IsHTML {
+		w = io.MultiWriter(w, newHTMLElementsCollectorWriter(p.htmlElementsCollector))
+	}
+
+	_, err = io.Copy(w, src)
 	if err == nil && d.StatCounter != nil {
 		atomic.AddUint64(d.StatCounter, uint64(1))
 	}
+
 	return err
 }
 
+func (p DestinationPublisher) PublishStats() PublishStats {
+	if p.htmlElementsCollector == nil {
+		return PublishStats{}
+	}
+
+	return PublishStats{
+		HTMLElements: p.htmlElementsCollector.getHTMLElements(),
+	}
+}
+
+type PublishStats struct {
+	HTMLElements HTMLElements `json:"htmlElements"`
+}
+
 // Publisher publishes a result file.
 type Publisher interface {
 	Publish(d Descriptor) error
+	PublishStats() PublishStats
 }
 
 // XML transformer := transform.New(urlreplacers.NewAbsURLInXMLTransformer(path))
diff --git a/publisher/publisher_test.go b/publisher/publisher_test.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 200accc8b..000000000
--- a/publisher/publisher_test.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2018 The Hugo Authors. All rights reserved.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package publisher