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---
title: Inner
description: Returns the content between opening and closing shortcode tags, applicable when the shortcode call includes a closing tag.
categories: []
keywords: []
action:
related:
- functions/strings/Trim
- methods/page/RenderString
- functions/transform/Markdownify
- methods/shortcode/InnerDeindent
returnType: template.HTML
signatures: [SHORTCODE.Inner]
toc: true
---
This content:
{{< code file=content/services.md lang=md >}}
{{</* card title="Product Design" */>}}
We design the **best** widgets in the world.
{{</* /card */>}}
{{< /code >}}
With this shortcode:
{{< code file=layouts/shortcodes/card.html >}}
<div class="card">
{{ with .Get "title" }}
<div class="card-title">{{ . }}</div>
{{ end }}
<div class="card-content">
{{ .Inner | strings.TrimSpace }}
</div>
</div>
{{< /code >}}
Is rendered to:
```html
<div class="card">
<div class="card-title">Product Design</div>
<div class="card-content">
We design the **best** widgets in the world.
</div>
</div>
```
{{% note %}}
Content between opening and closing shortcode tags may include leading and/or trailing newlines, depending on placement within the Markdown. Use the [`strings.TrimSpace`] function as shown above to remove both carriage returns and newlines.
[`strings.TrimSpace`]: /functions/strings/trimspace/
{{% /note %}}
{{% note %}}
In the example above, the value returned by `Inner` is Markdown, but it was rendered as plain text. Use either of the following approaches to render Markdown to HTML.
{{% /note %}}
## Use RenderString
Let's modify the example above to pass the value returned by `Inner` through the [`RenderString`] method on the `Page` object:
[`RenderString`]: /methods/page/renderstring/
{{< code file=layouts/shortcodes/card.html >}}
<div class="card">
{{ with .Get "title" }}
<div class="card-title">{{ . }}</div>
{{ end }}
<div class="card-content">
{{ .Inner | strings.TrimSpace | .Page.RenderString }}
</div>
</div>
{{< /code >}}
Hugo renders this to:
```html
<div class="card">
<div class="card-title">Product design</div>
<div class="card-content">
We produce the <strong>best</strong> widgets in the world.
</div>
</div>
```
You can use the [`markdownify`] function instead of the `RenderString` method, but the latter is more flexible. See [details].
[details]: /methods/page/renderstring/
[`markdownify`]: /functions/transform/markdownify/
## Alternative notation
Instead of calling the shortcode with the `{{</* */>}}` notation, use the `{{%/* */%}}` notation:
{{< code file=content/services.md lang=md >}}
{{%/* card title="Product Design" */%}}
We design the **best** widgets in the world.
{{%/* /card */%}}
{{< /code >}}
When you use the `{{%/* */%}}` notation, Hugo renders the entire shortcode as Markdown, requiring the following changes.
First, configure the renderer to allow raw HTML within Markdown:
{{< code-toggle file=hugo >}}
[markup.goldmark.renderer]
unsafe = true
{{< /code-toggle >}}
This configuration is not unsafe if _you_ control the content. Read more about Hugo's [security model].
Second, because we are rendering the entire shortcode as Markdown, we must adhere to the rules governing [indentation] and inclusion of [raw HTML blocks] as provided in the [CommonMark] specification.
{{< code file=layouts/shortcodes/card.html >}}
<div class="card">
{{ with .Get "title" }}
<div class="card-title">{{ . }}</div>
{{ end }}
<div class="card-content">
{{ .Inner | strings.TrimSpace }}
</div>
</div>
{{< /code >}}
The difference between this and the previous example is subtle but required. Note the change in indentation, the addition of a blank line, and removal of the `RenderString` method.
```diff
--- layouts/shortcodes/a.html
+++ layouts/shortcodes/b.html
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
<div class="card">
{{ with .Get "title" }}
- <div class="card-title">{{ . }}</div>
+ <div class="card-title">{{ . }}</div>
{{ end }}
<div class="card-content">
- {{ .Inner | strings.TrimSpace | .Page.RenderString }}
+
+ {{ .Inner | strings.TrimSpace }}
</div>
</div>
```
{{% note %}}
When using the `{{%/* */%}}` notation, do not pass the value returned by `Inner` through the `RenderString` method or the `markdownify` function.
{{% /note %}}
[commonmark]: https://commonmark.org/
[indentation]: https://spec.commonmark.org/0.30/#indented-code-blocks
[raw html blocks]: https://spec.commonmark.org/0.30/#html-blocks
[security model]: /about/security/
|
