path: root/libs/apprise/plugins/NotifyTelegram.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# BSD 2-Clause License
#
# Apprise - Push Notification Library.
# Copyright (c) 2024, Chris Caron <lead2gold@gmail.com>
#
# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
#
# 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
#    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
#
# 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
#    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
#    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
#
# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
# AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
# IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
# ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
# LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
# CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
# SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
# INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
# CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
# ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
# POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

# To use this plugin, you need to first access https://api.telegram.org
# You need to create a bot and acquire it's Token Identifier (bot_token)
#
# Basically you need to create a chat with a user called the 'BotFather'
# and type: /newbot
#
# Then follow through the wizard, it will provide you an api key
# that looks like this:123456789:alphanumeri_characters
#
# For each chat_id a bot joins will have a chat_id associated with it.
# You will need this value as well to send the notification.
#
# Log into the webpage version of the site if you like by accessing:
#    https://web.telegram.org
#
# You can't check out to see if your entry is working using:
#    https://api.telegram.org/botAPI_KEY/getMe
#
#    Pay attention to the word 'bot' that must be present infront of your
#    api key that the BotFather gave you.
#
#  For example, a url might look like this:
#    https://api.telegram.org/bot123456789:alphanumeric_characters/getMe
#
# Development API Reference::
#  - https://core.telegram.org/bots/api
import requests
import re
import os

from json import loads
from json import dumps

from .NotifyBase import NotifyBase
from ..common import NotifyType
from ..common import NotifyImageSize
from ..common import NotifyFormat
from ..utils import parse_bool
from ..utils import parse_list
from ..utils import validate_regex
from ..AppriseLocale import gettext_lazy as _
from ..attachment.AttachBase import AttachBase

TELEGRAM_IMAGE_XY = NotifyImageSize.XY_256

# Chat ID is required
# If the Chat ID is positive, then it's addressed to a single person
# If the Chat ID is negative, then it's targeting a group
# We can support :topic (an integer) if specified as well
IS_CHAT_ID_RE = re.compile(
    r'^((?P<idno>-?[0-9]{1,32})|(@|%40)?(?P<name>[a-z_-][a-z0-9_-]+))'
    r'((:|%3A)(?P<topic>[0-9]+))?$',
    re.IGNORECASE,
)


class TelegramContentPlacement:
    """
    The Telegram Content Placement
    """
    # Before Attachments
    BEFORE = "before"
    # After Attachments
    AFTER = "after"


# Identify Placement Categories
TELEGRAM_CONTENT_PLACEMENT = (
    TelegramContentPlacement.BEFORE,
    TelegramContentPlacement.AFTER,
)


class NotifyTelegram(NotifyBase):
    """
    A wrapper for Telegram Notifications
    """
    # The default descriptive name associated with the Notification
    service_name = 'Telegram'

    # The services URL
    service_url = 'https://telegram.org/'

    # The default secure protocol
    secure_protocol = 'tgram'

    # A URL that takes you to the setup/help of the specific protocol
    setup_url = 'https://github.com/caronc/apprise/wiki/Notify_telegram'

    # Default Notify Format
    notify_format = NotifyFormat.HTML

    # Telegram uses the http protocol with JSON requests
    notify_url = 'https://api.telegram.org/bot'

    # Support attachments
    attachment_support = True

    # Allows the user to specify the NotifyImageSize object
    image_size = NotifyImageSize.XY_256

    # The maximum allowable characters allowed in the body per message
    body_maxlen = 4096

    # Title is to be part of body
    title_maxlen = 0

    # Telegram is limited to sending a maximum of 100 requests per second.
    request_rate_per_sec = 0.001

    # Define object templates
    templates = (
        '{schema}://{bot_token}',
        '{schema}://{bot_token}/{targets}',
    )

    # Telegram Attachment Support
    mime_lookup = (
        # This list is intentionally ordered so that it can be scanned
        # from top to bottom.  The last entry is a catch-all

        # Animations are documented to only support gif or H.264/MPEG-4
        # Source: https://core.telegram.org/bots/api#sendanimation
        {
            'regex': re.compile(r'^(image/gif|video/H264)', re.I),
            'function_name': 'sendAnimation',
            'key': 'animation',
        },

        # This entry is intentially placed below the sendAnimiation allowing
        # it to catch gif files.  This then becomes a catch all to remaining
        # image types.
        # Source: https://core.telegram.org/bots/api#sendphoto
        {
            'regex': re.compile(r'^image/.*', re.I),
            'function_name': 'sendPhoto',
            'key': 'photo',
        },

        # Video is documented to only support .mp4
        # Source: https://core.telegram.org/bots/api#sendvideo
        {
            'regex': re.compile(r'^video/mp4', re.I),
            'function_name': 'sendVideo',
            'key': 'video',
        },

        # Voice supports ogg
        # Source: https://core.telegram.org/bots/api#sendvoice
        {
            'regex': re.compile(r'^(application|audio)/ogg', re.I),
            'function_name': 'sendVoice',
            'key': 'voice',
        },

        # Audio supports mp3 and m4a only
        # Source: https://core.telegram.org/bots/api#sendaudio
        {
            'regex': re.compile(r'^audio/(mpeg|mp4a-latm)', re.I),
            'function_name': 'sendAudio',
            'key': 'audio',
        },

        # Catch All (all other types)
        # Source: https://core.telegram.org/bots/api#senddocument
        {
            'regex': re.compile(r'.*', re.I),
            'function_name': 'sendDocument',
            'key': 'document',
        },
    )

    # Telegram's HTML support doesn't like having HTML escaped
    # characters passed into it.  to handle this situation, we need to
    # search the body for these sequences and convert them to the
    # output the user expected
    __telegram_escape_html_entries = (
        # Comments
        (re.compile(
            r'\s*<!.+?-->\s*',
            (re.I | re.M | re.S)), '', {}),

        # the following tags are not supported
        (re.compile(
            r'\s*<\s*(!?DOCTYPE|p|div|span|body|script|link|'
            r'meta|html|font|head|label|form|input|textarea|select|iframe|'
            r'source|script)([^a-z0-9>][^>]*)?>\s*',
            (re.I | re.M | re.S)), '', {}),

        # All closing tags to be removed are put here
        (re.compile(
            r'\s*<\s*/(span|body|script|meta|html|font|head|'
            r'label|form|input|textarea|select|ol|ul|link|'
            r'iframe|source|script)([^a-z0-9>][^>]*)?>\s*',
            (re.I | re.M | re.S)), '', {}),

        # Bold
        (re.compile(
            r'<\s*(strong)([^a-z0-9>][^>]*)?>',
            (re.I | re.M | re.S)), '<b>', {}),
        (re.compile(
            r'<\s*/\s*(strong)([^a-z0-9>][^>]*)?>',
            (re.I | re.M | re.S)), '</b>', {}),
        (re.compile(
            r'\s*<\s*(h[1-6]|title)([^a-z0-9>][^>]*)?>\s*',
            (re.I | re.M | re.S)), '{}<b>', {'html': '\r\n'}),
        (re.compile(
            r'\s*<\s*/\s*(h[1-6]|title)([^a-z0-9>][^>]*)?>\s*',
            (re.I | re.M | re.S)),
            '</b>{}', {'html': '<br/>'}),

        # Italic
        (re.compile(
            r'<\s*(caption|em)([^a-z0-9>][^>]*)?>',
            (re.I | re.M | re.S)), '<i>', {}),
        (re.compile(
            r'<\s*/\s*(caption|em)([^a-z0-9>][^>]*)?>',
            (re.I | re.M | re.S)), '</i>', {}),

        # Bullet Lists
        (re.compile(
            r'<\s*li([^a-z0-9>][^>]*)?>\s*',
            (re.I | re.M | re.S)), ' -', {}),

        # convert pre tags to code (supported by Telegram)
        (re.compile(
            r'<\s*pre([^a-z0-9>][^>]*)?>',
            (re.I | re.M | re.S)), '{}<code>', {'html': '\r\n'}),
        (re.compile(
            r'<\s*/\s*pre([^a-z0-9>][^>]*)?>',
            (re.I | re.M | re.S)), '</code>{}', {'html': '\r\n'}),

        # New Lines
        (re.compile(
            r'\s*<\s*/?\s*(ol|ul|br|hr)\s*/?>\s*',
            (re.I | re.M | re.S)), '\r\n', {}),
        (re.compile(
            r'\s*<\s*/\s*(br|p|hr|li|div)([^a-z0-9>][^>]*)?>\s*',
            (re.I | re.M | re.S)), '\r\n', {}),

        # HTML Spaces (&nbsp;) and tabs (&emsp;) aren't supported
        # See https://core.telegram.org/bots/api#html-style
        (re.compile(r'\&nbsp;?', re.I), ' ', {}),

        # Tabs become 3 spaces
        (re.compile(r'\&emsp;?', re.I), '   ', {}),

        # Some characters get re-escaped by the Telegram upstream
        # service so we need to convert these back,
        (re.compile(r'\&apos;?', re.I), '\'', {}),
        (re.compile(r'\&quot;?', re.I), '"', {}),

        # New line cleanup
        (re.compile(r'\r*\n[\r\n]+', re.I), '\r\n', {}),
    )

    # Define our template tokens
    template_tokens = dict(NotifyBase.template_tokens, **{
        'bot_token': {
            'name': _('Bot Token'),
            'type': 'string',
            'private': True,
            'required': True,
            # Token required as part of the API request, allow the word 'bot'
            # infront of it
            'regex': (r'^(bot)?(?P<key>[0-9]+:[a-z0-9_-]+)$', 'i'),
        },
        'target_user': {
            'name': _('Target Chat ID'),
            'type': 'string',
            'map_to': 'targets',
            'regex': (r'^((-?[0-9]{1,32})|([a-z_-][a-z0-9_-]+))$', 'i'),
        },
        'targets': {
            'name': _('Targets'),
            'type': 'list:string',
        },
    })

    # Define our template arguments
    template_args = dict(NotifyBase.template_args, **{
        'image': {
            'name': _('Include Image'),
            'type': 'bool',
            'default': False,
            'map_to': 'include_image',
        },
        'detect': {
            'name': _('Detect Bot Owner'),
            'type': 'bool',
            'default': True,
            'map_to': 'detect_owner',
        },
        'silent': {
            'name': _('Silent Notification'),
            'type': 'bool',
            'default': False,
        },
        'preview': {
            'name': _('Web Page Preview'),
            'type': 'bool',
            'default': False,
        },
        'topic': {
            'name': _('Topic Thread ID'),
            'type': 'int',
        },
        'to': {
            'alias_of': 'targets',
        },
        'content': {
            'name': _('Content Placement'),
            'type': 'choice:string',
            'values': TELEGRAM_CONTENT_PLACEMENT,
            'default': TelegramContentPlacement.BEFORE,
        },
    })

    def __init__(self, bot_token, targets, detect_owner=True,
                 include_image=False, silent=None, preview=None, topic=None,
                 content=None, **kwargs):
        """
        Initialize Telegram Object
        """
        super().__init__(**kwargs)

        self.bot_token = validate_regex(
            bot_token, *self.template_tokens['bot_token']['regex'],
            fmt='{key}')
        if not self.bot_token:
            err = 'The Telegram Bot Token specified ({}) is invalid.'.format(
                bot_token)
            self.logger.warning(err)
            raise TypeError(err)

        # Define whether or not we should make audible alarms
        self.silent = self.template_args['silent']['default'] \
            if silent is None else bool(silent)

        # Define whether or not we should display a web page preview
        self.preview = self.template_args['preview']['default'] \
            if preview is None else bool(preview)

        # Setup our content placement
        self.content = self.template_args['content']['default'] \
            if not isinstance(content, str) else content.lower()
        if self.content and self.content not in TELEGRAM_CONTENT_PLACEMENT:
            msg = 'The content placement specified ({}) is invalid.'\
                .format(content)
            self.logger.warning(msg)
            raise TypeError(msg)

        if topic:
            try:
                self.topic = int(topic)

            except (TypeError, ValueError):
                # Not a valid integer; ignore entry
                err = 'The Telegram Topic ID specified ({}) is invalid.'\
                    .format(topic)
                self.logger.warning(err)
                raise TypeError(err)
        else:
            # No Topic Thread
            self.topic = None

        # if detect_owner is set to True, we will attempt to determine who
        # the bot owner is based on the first person who messaged it.  This
        # is not a fool proof way of doing things as over time Telegram removes
        # the message history for the bot.  So what appears (later on) to be
        # the first message to it, maybe another user who sent it a message
        # much later.  Users who set this flag should update their Apprise
        # URL later to directly include the user that we should message.
        self.detect_owner = detect_owner

        # Parse our list
        self.targets = []
        for target in parse_list(targets):
            results = IS_CHAT_ID_RE.match(target)
            if not results:
                self.logger.warning(
                    'Dropped invalid Telegram chat/group ({}) specified.'
                    .format(target),
                )

                # Ensure we don't fall back to owner detection
                self.detect_owner = False
                continue

            try:
                topic = int(
                    results.group('topic')
                    if results.group('topic') else self.topic)

            except TypeError:
                # No worries
                topic = None

            if results.group('name') is not None:
                # Name
                self.targets.append(('@%s' % results.group('name'), topic))

            else:  # ID
                self.targets.append((int(results.group('idno')), topic))

        # Track whether or not we want to send an image with our notification
        # or not.
        self.include_image = include_image

    def send_media(self, target, notify_type, attach=None):
        """
        Sends a sticker based on the specified notify type

        """

        # Prepare our Headers
        headers = {
            'User-Agent': self.app_id,
        }

        # Our function name and payload are determined on the path
        function_name = 'SendPhoto'
        key = 'photo'
        path = None

        if isinstance(attach, AttachBase):
            if not attach:
                # We could not access the attachment
                self.logger.error(
                    'Could not access attachment {}.'.format(
                        attach.url(privacy=True)))
                return False

            self.logger.debug(
                'Posting Telegram attachment {}'.format(
                    attach.url(privacy=True)))

            # Store our path to our file
            path = attach.path
            file_name = attach.name
            mimetype = attach.mimetype

            # Process our attachment
            function_name, key = \
                next(((x['function_name'], x['key']) for x in self.mime_lookup
                     if x['regex'].match(mimetype)))  # pragma: no cover

        else:
            attach = self.image_path(notify_type) if attach is None else attach
            if attach is None:
                # Nothing specified to send
                return True

            # Take on specified attachent as path
            path = attach
            file_name = os.path.basename(path)

        url = '%s%s/%s' % (
            self.notify_url,
            self.bot_token,
            function_name,
        )

        # Always call throttle before any remote server i/o is made;
        # Telegram throttles to occur before sending the image so that
        # content can arrive together.
        self.throttle()

        # Extract our target
        chat_id, topic = target

        payload = {'chat_id': chat_id}
        if topic:
            payload['message_thread_id'] = topic

        try:
            with open(path, 'rb') as f:
                # Configure file payload (for upload)
                files = {key: (file_name, f)}

                self.logger.debug(
                    'Telegram attachment POST URL: %s (cert_verify=%r)' % (
                        url, self.verify_certificate))

                r = requests.post(
                    url,
                    headers=headers,
                    files=files,
                    data=payload,
                    verify=self.verify_certificate,
                    timeout=self.request_timeout,
                )

                if r.status_code != requests.codes.ok:
                    # We had a problem
                    status_str = NotifyTelegram\
                        .http_response_code_lookup(r.status_code)

                    self.logger.warning(
                        'Failed to send Telegram attachment: '
                        '{}{}error={}.'.format(
                            status_str,
                            ', ' if status_str else '',
                            r.status_code))

                    self.logger.debug(
                        'Response Details:\r\n{}'.format(r.content))

                    return False

                # Content was sent successfully if we got here
                return True

        except requests.RequestException as e:
            self.logger.warning(
                'A connection error occurred posting Telegram '
                'attachment.')
            self.logger.debug('Socket Exception: %s' % str(e))

        except (IOError, OSError):
            # IOError is present for backwards compatibility with Python
            # versions older then 3.3.  >= 3.3 throw OSError now.

            # Could not open and/or read the file; this is not a problem since
            # we scan a lot of default paths.
            self.logger.error(
                'File can not be opened for read: {}'.format(path))

        return False

    def detect_bot_owner(self):
        """
        Takes a bot and attempts to detect it's chat id from that

        """

        headers = {
            'User-Agent': self.app_id,
            'Content-Type': 'application/json',
        }

        url = '%s%s/%s' % (
            self.notify_url,
            self.bot_token,
            'getUpdates'
        )

        self.logger.debug(
            'Telegram User Detection POST URL: %s (cert_verify=%r)' % (
                url, self.verify_certificate))

        # Track our response object
        response = None

        try:
            r = requests.post(
                url,
                headers=headers,
                verify=self.verify_certificate,
                timeout=self.request_timeout,
            )

            if r.status_code != requests.codes.ok:
                # We had a problem
                status_str = \
                    NotifyTelegram.http_response_code_lookup(r.status_code)

                try:
                    # Try to get the error message if we can:
                    error_msg = loads(r.content).get('description', 'unknown')

                except (AttributeError, TypeError, ValueError):
                    # ValueError = r.content is Unparsable
                    # TypeError = r.content is None
                    # AttributeError = r is None
                    error_msg = None

                if error_msg:
                    self.logger.warning(
                        'Failed to detect the Telegram user: (%s) %s.' % (
                            r.status_code, error_msg))

                else:
                    self.logger.warning(
                        'Failed to detect the Telegram user: '
                        '{}{}error={}.'.format(
                            status_str,
                            ', ' if status_str else '',
                            r.status_code))

                self.logger.debug('Response Details:\r\n{}'.format(r.content))

                return 0

            # Load our response and attempt to fetch our userid
            response = loads(r.content)

        except (AttributeError, TypeError, ValueError):
            # Our response was not the JSON type we had expected it to be
            # - ValueError = r.content is Unparsable
            # - TypeError = r.content is None
            # - AttributeError = r is None
            self.logger.warning(
                'A communication error occurred detecting the Telegram User.')
            return 0

        except requests.RequestException as e:
            self.logger.warning(
                'A connection error occurred detecting the Telegram User.')
            self.logger.debug('Socket Exception: %s' % str(e))
            return 0

        # A Response might look something like this:
        # {
        #    "ok":true,
        #    "result":[{
        #      "update_id":645421321,
        #      "message":{
        #        "message_id":1,
        #        "from":{
        #          "id":532389719,
        #          "is_bot":false,
        #          "first_name":"Chris",
        #          "language_code":"en-US"
        #        },
        #      "chat":{
        #        "id":532389719,
        #        "first_name":"Chris",
        #        "type":"private"
        #      },
        #      "date":1519694394,
        #      "text":"/start",
        #      "entities":[{"offset":0,"length":6,"type":"bot_command"}]}}]

        if response.get('ok', False):
            for entry in response.get('result', []):
                if 'message' in entry and 'from' in entry['message']:
                    _id = entry['message']['from'].get('id', 0)
                    _user = entry['message']['from'].get('first_name')
                    self.logger.info(
                        'Detected Telegram user %s (userid=%d)' % (_user, _id))
                    # Return our detected userid
                    return _id

        self.logger.warning(
            'Failed to detect a Telegram user; '
            'try sending your bot a message first.')
        return 0

    def send(self, body, title='', notify_type=NotifyType.INFO, attach=None,
             body_format=None, **kwargs):
        """
        Perform Telegram Notification
        """

        if len(self.targets) == 0 and self.detect_owner:
            _id = self.detect_bot_owner()
            if _id:
                # Permanently store our id in our target list for next time
                self.targets.append((str(_id), None))
                self.logger.info(
                    'Update your Telegram Apprise URL to read: '
                    '{}'.format(self.url(privacy=True)))

        if len(self.targets) == 0:
            self.logger.warning('There were not Telegram chat_ids to notify.')
            return False

        headers = {
            'User-Agent': self.app_id,
            'Content-Type': 'application/json',
        }

        # error tracking (used for function return)
        has_error = False

        url = '%s%s/%s' % (
            self.notify_url,
            self.bot_token,
            'sendMessage'
        )

        _payload = {
            # Notification Audible Control
            'disable_notification': self.silent,
            # Display Web Page Preview (if possible)
            'disable_web_page_preview': not self.preview,
        }

        # Prepare Message Body
        if self.notify_format == NotifyFormat.MARKDOWN:
            _payload['parse_mode'] = 'MARKDOWN'

            _payload['text'] = body

        else:  # HTML

            # Use Telegram's HTML mode
            _payload['parse_mode'] = 'HTML'
            for r, v, m in self.__telegram_escape_html_entries:

                if 'html' in m:
                    # Handle special cases where we need to alter new lines
                    # for presentation purposes
                    v = v.format(m['html'] if body_format in (
                        NotifyFormat.HTML, NotifyFormat.MARKDOWN) else '')

                body = r.sub(v, body)

            # Prepare our payload based on HTML or TEXT
            _payload['text'] = body

        # Handle payloads without a body specified (but an attachment present)
        attach_content = \
            TelegramContentPlacement.AFTER if not body else self.content

        # Create a copy of the chat_ids list
        targets = list(self.targets)
        while len(targets):
            target = targets.pop(0)
            chat_id, topic = target

            # Printable chat_id details
            pchat_id = f'{chat_id}' if not topic else f'{chat_id}:{topic}'

            payload = _payload.copy()
            payload['chat_id'] = chat_id
            if topic:
                payload['message_thread_id'] = topic

            if self.include_image is True:
                # Define our path
                if not self.send_media(target, notify_type):
                    # We failed to send the image associated with our
                    notify_type
                    self.logger.warning(
                        'Failed to send Telegram type image to {}.',
                        pchat_id)

            if attach and self.attachment_support and \
                    attach_content == TelegramContentPlacement.AFTER:
                # Send our attachments now (if specified and if it exists)
                if not self._send_attachments(
                        target, notify_type=notify_type,
                        attach=attach):

                    has_error = True
                    continue

                if not body:
                    # Nothing more to do; move along to the next attachment
                    continue

            # Always call throttle before any remote server i/o is made;
            # Telegram throttles to occur before sending the image so that
            # content can arrive together.
            self.throttle()

            self.logger.debug('Telegram POST URL: %s (cert_verify=%r)' % (
                url, self.verify_certificate,
            ))
            self.logger.debug('Telegram Payload: %s' % str(payload))

            try:
                r = requests.post(
                    url,
                    data=dumps(payload),
                    headers=headers,
                    verify=self.verify_certificate,
                    timeout=self.request_timeout,
                )

                if r.status_code != requests.codes.ok:
                    # We had a problem
                    status_str = \
                        NotifyTelegram.http_response_code_lookup(r.status_code)

                    try:
                        # Try to get the error message if we can:
                        error_msg = loads(r.content).get(
                            'description', 'unknown')

                    except (AttributeError, TypeError, ValueError):
                        # ValueError = r.content is Unparsable
                        # TypeError = r.content is None
                        # AttributeError = r is None
                        error_msg = None

                    self.logger.warning(
                        'Failed to send Telegram notification to {}: '
                        '{}, error={}.'.format(
                            pchat_id,
                            error_msg if error_msg else status_str,
                            r.status_code))

                    self.logger.debug(
                        'Response Details:\r\n{}'.format(r.content))

                    # Flag our error
                    has_error = True
                    continue

            except requests.RequestException as e:
                self.logger.warning(
                    'A connection error occurred sending Telegram:%s ' % (
                        pchat_id) + 'notification.'
                )
                self.logger.debug('Socket Exception: %s' % str(e))

                # Flag our error
                has_error = True
                continue

            self.logger.info('Sent Telegram notification.')

            if attach and self.attachment_support \
                    and attach_content == TelegramContentPlacement.BEFORE:
                # Send our attachments now (if specified and if it exists) as
                # it was identified to send the content before the attachments
                # which is now done.
                if not self._send_attachments(
                        target=target,
                        notify_type=notify_type,
                        attach=attach):

                    has_error = True
                    continue

        return not has_error

    def _send_attachments(self, target, notify_type, attach):
        """
        Sends our attachments
        """
        has_error = False
        # Send our attachments now (if specified and if it exists)
        for attachment in attach:
            if not self.send_media(target, notify_type, attach=attachment):

                # We failed; don't continue
                has_error = True
                break

            self.logger.info(
                'Sent Telegram attachment: {}.'.format(attachment))

        return not has_error

    def url(self, privacy=False, *args, **kwargs):
        """
        Returns the URL built dynamically based on specified arguments.
        """

        # Define any URL parameters
        params = {
            'image': self.include_image,
            'detect': 'yes' if self.detect_owner else 'no',
            'silent': 'yes' if self.silent else 'no',
            'preview': 'yes' if self.preview else 'no',
            'content': self.content,
        }

        if self.topic:
            params['topic'] = self.topic

        # Extend our parameters
        params.update(self.url_parameters(privacy=privacy, *args, **kwargs))

        targets = []
        for (chat_id, _topic) in self.targets:
            topic = _topic if _topic else self.topic

            targets.append(''.join(
                [NotifyTelegram.quote(f'{chat_id}', safe='@')
                 if isinstance(chat_id, str) else f'{chat_id}',
                 '' if not topic else f':{topic}']))

        # No need to check the user token because the user automatically gets
        # appended into the list of chat ids
        return '{schema}://{bot_token}/{targets}/?{params}'.format(
            schema=self.secure_protocol,
            bot_token=self.pprint(self.bot_token, privacy, safe=''),
            targets='/'.join(targets),
            params=NotifyTelegram.urlencode(params))

    def __len__(self):
        """
        Returns the number of targets associated with this notification
        """
        return 1 if not self.targets else len(self.targets)

    @staticmethod
    def parse_url(url):
        """
        Parses the URL and returns enough arguments that can allow
        us to re-instantiate this object.

        """
        # This is a dirty hack; but it's the only work around to tgram://
        # messages since the bot_token has a colon in it. It invalidates a
        # normal URL.

        # This hack searches for this bogus URL and corrects it so we can
        # properly load it further down. The other alternative is to ask users
        # to actually change the colon into a slash (which will work too), but
        # it's more likely to cause confusion... So this is the next best thing
        # we also check for %3A (incase the URL is encoded) as %3A == :
        try:
            tgram = re.match(
                r'(?P<protocol>{schema}://)(bot)?(?P<prefix>([a-z0-9_-]+)'
                r'(:[a-z0-9_-]+)?@)?(?P<btoken_a>[0-9]+)(:|%3A)+'
                r'(?P<remaining>.*)$'.format(
                    schema=NotifyTelegram.secure_protocol), url, re.I)

        except (TypeError, AttributeError):
            # url is bad; force tgram to be None
            tgram = None

        if not tgram:
            # Content is simply not parseable
            return None

        if tgram.group('prefix'):
            # Try again
            results = NotifyBase.parse_url('%s%s%s/%s' % (
                tgram.group('protocol'),
                tgram.group('prefix'),
                tgram.group('btoken_a'),
                tgram.group('remaining')), verify_host=False)

        else:
            # Try again
            results = NotifyBase.parse_url('%s%s/%s' % (
                tgram.group('protocol'),
                tgram.group('btoken_a'),
                tgram.group('remaining')), verify_host=False)

        # The first token is stored in the hostname
        bot_token_a = NotifyTelegram.unquote(results['host'])

        # Get a nice unquoted list of path entries
        entries = NotifyTelegram.split_path(results['fullpath'])

        # Now fetch the remaining tokens
        bot_token_b = entries.pop(0)

        bot_token = '%s:%s' % (bot_token_a, bot_token_b)

        # Store our chat ids (as these are the remaining entries)
        results['targets'] = entries

        # content to be displayed 'before' or 'after' attachments
        if 'content' in results['qsd'] and len(results['qsd']['content']):
            results['content'] = results['qsd']['content']

        # Support the 'to' variable so that we can support rooms this way too
        # The 'to' makes it easier to use yaml configuration
        if 'to' in results['qsd'] and len(results['qsd']['to']):
            results['targets'] += \
                NotifyTelegram.parse_list(results['qsd']['to'])

        # Store our bot token
        results['bot_token'] = bot_token

        # Support Thread Topic
        if 'topic' in results['qsd'] and len(results['qsd']['topic']):
            results['topic'] = results['qsd']['topic']

        # Silent (Sends the message Silently); users will receive
        # notification with no sound.
        results['silent'] = \
            parse_bool(results['qsd'].get('silent', False))

        # Show Web Page Preview
        results['preview'] = \
            parse_bool(results['qsd'].get('preview', False))

        # Include images with our message
        results['include_image'] = \
            parse_bool(results['qsd'].get('image', False))

        # Include images with our message
        results['detect_owner'] = \
            parse_bool(
                results['qsd'].get('detect', not results['targets']))

        return results