path: root/registry/reg.py

#!/usr/bin/python3 -i
#
# Copyright (c) 2013-2020 The Khronos Group Inc.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
"""Types and classes for manipulating an API registry."""

import copy
import re
import sys
import xml.etree.ElementTree as etree
from collections import defaultdict, namedtuple
from generator import OutputGenerator, GeneratorOptions, write


def matchAPIProfile(api, profile, elem):
    """Return whether an API and profile
    being generated matches an element's profile

    - api - string naming the API to match
    - profile - string naming the profile to match
    - elem - Element which (may) have 'api' and 'profile'
      attributes to match to.

    If a tag is not present in the Element, the corresponding API
      or profile always matches.

    Otherwise, the tag must exactly match the API or profile.

    Thus, if 'profile' = core:

    - `<remove>`  with no attribute will match
    - `<remove profile="core">` will match
    - `<remove profile="compatibility">` will not match

    Possible match conditions:

    ```
      Requested   Element
      Profile     Profile
      ---------   --------
      None        None        Always matches
      'string'    None        Always matches
      None        'string'    Does not match. Can't generate multiple APIs
                              or profiles, so if an API/profile constraint
                              is present, it must be asked for explicitly.
      'string'    'string'    Strings must match
    ```

    ** In the future, we will allow regexes for the attributes,
    not just strings, so that `api="^(gl|gles2)"` will match. Even
    this isn't really quite enough, we might prefer something
    like `"gl(core)|gles1(common-lite)"`."""
    # Match 'api', if present
    elem_api = elem.get('api')
    if elem_api:
        if api is None:
            raise UserWarning("No API requested, but 'api' attribute is present with value '"
                              + elem_api + "'")
        elif api != elem_api:
            # Requested API doesn't match attribute
            return False
    elem_profile = elem.get('profile')
    if elem_profile:
        if profile is None:
            raise UserWarning("No profile requested, but 'profile' attribute is present with value '"
                              + elem_profile + "'")
        elif profile != elem_profile:
            # Requested profile doesn't match attribute
            return False
    return True


class BaseInfo:
    """Base class for information about a registry feature
    (type/group/enum/command/API/extension).

    Represents the state of a registry feature, used during API generation.
    """

    def __init__(self, elem):
        self.required = False
        """should this feature be defined during header generation
        (has it been removed by a profile or version)?"""

        self.declared = False
        "has this feature been defined already?"

        self.elem = elem
        "etree Element for this feature"

    def resetState(self):
        """Reset required/declared to initial values. Used
        prior to generating a new API interface."""
        self.required = False
        self.declared = False

    def compareKeys(self, info, key, required = False):
        """Return True if self.elem and info.elem have the same attribute
           value for key.
           If 'required' is not True, also returns True if neither element
           has an attribute value for key."""

        if required and key not in self.elem.keys():
            return False
        return self.elem.get(key) == info.elem.get(key)

    def compareElem(self, info, infoName):
        """Return True if self.elem and info.elem have the same definition.
        info - the other object
        infoName - 'type' / 'group' / 'enum' / 'command' / 'feature' /
                   'extension'"""

        if infoName == 'enum':
            if self.compareKeys(info, 'extends'):
                # Either both extend the same type, or no type
                if (self.compareKeys(info, 'value', required = True) or
                    self.compareKeys(info, 'bitpos', required = True)):
                    # If both specify the same value or bit position,
                    # they're equal
                    return True
                elif (self.compareKeys(info, 'extnumber') and
                      self.compareKeys(info, 'offset') and
                      self.compareKeys(info, 'dir')):
                    # If both specify the same relative offset, they're equal
                    return True
                elif (self.compareKeys(info, 'alias')):
                    # If both are aliases of the same value
                    return True
                else:
                    return False
            else:
                # The same enum can't extend two different types
                return False
        else:
            # Non-<enum>s should never be redefined
            return False


class TypeInfo(BaseInfo):
    """Registry information about a type. No additional state
      beyond BaseInfo is required."""

    def __init__(self, elem):
        BaseInfo.__init__(self, elem)
        self.additionalValidity = []
        self.removedValidity = []

    def getMembers(self):
        """Get a collection of all member elements for this type, if any."""
        return self.elem.findall('member')

    def resetState(self):
        BaseInfo.resetState(self)
        self.additionalValidity = []
        self.removedValidity = []


class GroupInfo(BaseInfo):
    """Registry information about a group of related enums
    in an <enums> block, generally corresponding to a C "enum" type."""

    def __init__(self, elem):
        BaseInfo.__init__(self, elem)


class EnumInfo(BaseInfo):
    """Registry information about an enum"""

    def __init__(self, elem):
        BaseInfo.__init__(self, elem)
        self.type = elem.get('type')
        """numeric type of the value of the <enum> tag
        ( '' for GLint, 'u' for GLuint, 'ull' for GLuint64 )"""
        if self.type is None:
            self.type = ''


class CmdInfo(BaseInfo):
    """Registry information about a command"""

    def __init__(self, elem):
        BaseInfo.__init__(self, elem)
        self.additionalValidity = []
        self.removedValidity = []

    def getParams(self):
        """Get a collection of all param elements for this command, if any."""
        return self.elem.findall('param')

    def resetState(self):
        BaseInfo.resetState(self)
        self.additionalValidity = []
        self.removedValidity = []


class FeatureInfo(BaseInfo):
    """Registry information about an API <feature>
    or <extension>."""

    def __init__(self, elem):
        BaseInfo.__init__(self, elem)
        self.name = elem.get('name')
        "feature name string (e.g. 'VK_KHR_surface')"

        self.emit = False
        "has this feature been defined already?"

        self.sortorder = int(elem.get('sortorder', 0))
        """explicit numeric sort key within feature and extension groups.
        Defaults to 0."""

        # Determine element category (vendor). Only works
        # for <extension> elements.
        if elem.tag == 'feature':
            # Element category (vendor) is meaningless for <feature>
            self.category = 'VERSION'
            """category, e.g. VERSION or khr/vendor tag"""

            self.version = elem.get('name')
            """feature name string"""

            self.versionNumber = elem.get('number')
            """versionNumber - API version number, taken from the 'number'
               attribute of <feature>. Extensions do not have API version
               numbers and are assigned number 0."""

            self.number = "0"
            self.supported = None
        else:
            # Extract vendor portion of <APIprefix>_<vendor>_<name>
            self.category = self.name.split('_', 2)[1]
            self.version = "0"
            self.versionNumber = "0"
            self.number = elem.get('number')
            """extension number, used for ordering and for assigning
            enumerant offsets. <feature> features do not have extension
            numbers and are assigned number 0."""

            # If there's no 'number' attribute, use 0, so sorting works
            if self.number is None:
                self.number = 0
            self.supported = elem.get('supported')


class Registry:
    """Object representing an API registry, loaded from an XML file."""

    def __init__(self, gen=None, genOpts=None):
        if gen is None:
            # If not specified, give a default object so messaging will work
            self.gen = OutputGenerator()
        else:
            self.gen = gen
        "Output generator used to write headers / messages"

        if genOpts is None:
            self.genOpts = GeneratorOptions()
        else:
            self.genOpts = genOpts
        "Options controlling features to write and how to format them"

        self.gen.registry = self
        self.gen.genOpts = self.genOpts
        self.gen.genOpts.registry = self

        self.tree = None
        "ElementTree containing the root `<registry>`"

        self.typedict = {}
        "dictionary of TypeInfo objects keyed by type name"

        self.groupdict = {}
        "dictionary of GroupInfo objects keyed by group name"

        self.enumdict = {}
        "dictionary of EnumInfo objects keyed by enum name"

        self.cmddict = {}
        "dictionary of CmdInfo objects keyed by command name"

        self.apidict = {}
        "dictionary of FeatureInfo objects for `<feature>` elements keyed by API name"

        self.extensions = []
        "list of `<extension>` Elements"

        self.extdict = {}
        "dictionary of FeatureInfo objects for `<extension>` elements keyed by extension name"

        self.emitFeatures = False
        """True to actually emit features for a version / extension,
        or False to just treat them as emitted"""

        self.breakPat = None
        "regexp pattern to break on when generating names"
        # self.breakPat     = re.compile('VkFenceImportFlagBits.*')

        self.requiredextensions = []  # Hack - can remove it after validity generator goes away

        # ** Global types for automatic source generation **
        # Length Member data
        self.commandextensiontuple = namedtuple('commandextensiontuple',
                                                ['command',        # The name of the command being modified
                                                 'value',          # The value to append to the command
                                                 'extension'])     # The name of the extension that added it
        self.validextensionstructs = defaultdict(list)
        self.commandextensionsuccesses = []
        self.commandextensionerrors = []

        self.filename     = None

    def loadElementTree(self, tree):
        """Load ElementTree into a Registry object and parse it."""
        self.tree = tree
        self.parseTree()

    def loadFile(self, file):
        """Load an API registry XML file into a Registry object and parse it"""
        self.filename = file
        self.tree = etree.parse(file)
        self.parseTree()

    def setGenerator(self, gen):
        """Specify output generator object.

        `None` restores the default generator."""
        self.gen = gen
        self.gen.setRegistry(self)

    def addElementInfo(self, elem, info, infoName, dictionary):
        """Add information about an element to the corresponding dictionary.

        Intended for internal use only.

        - elem - `<type>`/`<enums>`/`<enum>`/`<command>`/`<feature>`/`<extension>` Element
        - info - corresponding {Type|Group|Enum|Cmd|Feature}Info object
        - infoName - 'type' / 'group' / 'enum' / 'command' / 'feature' / 'extension'
        - dictionary - self.{type|group|enum|cmd|api|ext}dict

        If the Element has an 'api' attribute, the dictionary key is the
        tuple (name,api). If not, the key is the name. 'name' is an
        attribute of the Element"""
        # self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'Adding ElementInfo.required =',
        #     info.required, 'name =', elem.get('name'))
        api = elem.get('api')
        if api:
            key = (elem.get('name'), api)
        else:
            key = elem.get('name')
        if key in dictionary:
            if not dictionary[key].compareElem(info, infoName):
                self.gen.logMsg('warn', 'Attempt to redefine', key,
                                '(this should not happen)')
            else:
                True
        else:
            dictionary[key] = info

    def lookupElementInfo(self, fname, dictionary):
        """Find a {Type|Enum|Cmd}Info object by name.

        Intended for internal use only.

        If an object qualified by API name exists, use that.

        - fname - name of type / enum / command
        - dictionary - self.{type|enum|cmd}dict"""
        key = (fname, self.genOpts.apiname)
        if key in dictionary:
            # self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'Found API-specific element for feature', fname)
            return dictionary[key]
        if fname in dictionary:
            # self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'Found generic element for feature', fname)
            return dictionary[fname]

        return None

    def breakOnName(self, regexp):
        """Specify a feature name regexp to break on when generating features."""
        self.breakPat = re.compile(regexp)

    def parseTree(self):
        """Parse the registry Element, once created"""
        # This must be the Element for the root <registry>
        self.reg = self.tree.getroot()

        # Create dictionary of registry types from toplevel <types> tags
        # and add 'name' attribute to each <type> tag (where missing)
        # based on its <name> element.
        #
        # There's usually one <types> block; more are OK
        # Required <type> attributes: 'name' or nested <name> tag contents
        self.typedict = {}
        for type_elem in self.reg.findall('types/type'):
            # If the <type> doesn't already have a 'name' attribute, set
            # it from contents of its <name> tag.
            if type_elem.get('name') is None:
                type_elem.set('name', type_elem.find('name').text)
            self.addElementInfo(type_elem, TypeInfo(type_elem), 'type', self.typedict)

        # Create dictionary of registry enum groups from <enums> tags.
        #
        # Required <enums> attributes: 'name'. If no name is given, one is
        # generated, but that group can't be identified and turned into an
        # enum type definition - it's just a container for <enum> tags.
        self.groupdict = {}
        for group in self.reg.findall('enums'):
            self.addElementInfo(group, GroupInfo(group), 'group', self.groupdict)

        # Create dictionary of registry enums from <enum> tags
        #
        # <enums> tags usually define different namespaces for the values
        #   defined in those tags, but the actual names all share the
        #   same dictionary.
        # Required <enum> attributes: 'name', 'value'
        # For containing <enums> which have type="enum" or type="bitmask",
        # tag all contained <enum>s are required. This is a stopgap until
        # a better scheme for tagging core and extension enums is created.
        self.enumdict = {}
        for enums in self.reg.findall('enums'):
            required = (enums.get('type') is not None)
            for enum in enums.findall('enum'):
                enumInfo = EnumInfo(enum)
                enumInfo.required = required
                self.addElementInfo(enum, enumInfo, 'enum', self.enumdict)

        # Create dictionary of registry commands from <command> tags
        # and add 'name' attribute to each <command> tag (where missing)
        # based on its <proto><name> element.
        #
        # There's usually only one <commands> block; more are OK.
        # Required <command> attributes: 'name' or <proto><name> tag contents
        self.cmddict = {}
        # List of commands which alias others. Contains
        #   [ aliasName, element ]
        # for each alias
        cmdAlias = []
        for cmd in self.reg.findall('commands/command'):
            # If the <command> doesn't already have a 'name' attribute, set
            # it from contents of its <proto><name> tag.
            name = cmd.get('name')
            if name is None:
                name = cmd.set('name', cmd.find('proto/name').text)
            ci = CmdInfo(cmd)
            self.addElementInfo(cmd, ci, 'command', self.cmddict)
            alias = cmd.get('alias')
            if alias:
                cmdAlias.append([name, alias, cmd])

        # Now loop over aliases, injecting a copy of the aliased command's
        # Element with the aliased prototype name replaced with the command
        # name - if it exists.
        for (name, alias, cmd) in cmdAlias:
            if alias in self.cmddict:
                # @ pdb.set_trace()
                aliasInfo = self.cmddict[alias]
                cmdElem = copy.deepcopy(aliasInfo.elem)
                cmdElem.find('proto/name').text = name
                cmdElem.set('name', name)
                cmdElem.set('alias', alias)
                ci = CmdInfo(cmdElem)
                # Replace the dictionary entry for the CmdInfo element
                self.cmddict[name] = ci

                # @  newString = etree.tostring(base, encoding="unicode").replace(aliasValue, aliasName)
                # @elem.append(etree.fromstring(replacement))
            else:
                self.gen.logMsg('warn', 'No matching <command> found for command',
                                cmd.get('name'), 'alias', alias)

        # Create dictionaries of API and extension interfaces
        #   from toplevel <api> and <extension> tags.
        self.apidict = {}
        for feature in self.reg.findall('feature'):
            featureInfo = FeatureInfo(feature)
            self.addElementInfo(feature, featureInfo, 'feature', self.apidict)

            # Add additional enums defined only in <feature> tags
            # to the corresponding core type.
            # When seen here, the <enum> element, processed to contain the
            # numeric enum value, is added to the corresponding <enums>
            # element, as well as adding to the enum dictionary. It is
            # *removed* from the <require> element it is introduced in.
            # Not doing this will cause spurious genEnum()
            # calls to be made in output generation, and it's easier
            # to handle here than in genEnum().
            #
            # In lxml.etree, an Element can have only one parent, so the
            # append() operation also removes the element. But in Python's
            # ElementTree package, an Element can have multiple parents. So
            # it must be explicitly removed from the <require> tag, leading
            # to the nested loop traversal of <require>/<enum> elements
            # below.
            #
            # This code also adds a 'version' attribute containing the
            # api version.
            #
            # For <enum> tags which are actually just constants, if there's
            # no 'extends' tag but there is a 'value' or 'bitpos' tag, just
            # add an EnumInfo record to the dictionary. That works because
            # output generation of constants is purely dependency-based, and
            # doesn't need to iterate through the XML tags.
            for elem in feature.findall('require'):
                for enum in elem.findall('enum'):
                    addEnumInfo = False
                    groupName = enum.get('extends')
                    if groupName is not None:
                        # self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'Found extension enum',
                        #     enum.get('name'))
                        # Add version number attribute to the <enum> element
                        enum.set('version', featureInfo.version)
                        # Look up the GroupInfo with matching groupName
                        if groupName in self.groupdict:
                            # self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'Matching group',
                            #     groupName, 'found, adding element...')
                            gi = self.groupdict[groupName]
                            gi.elem.append(enum)

                            if self.genOpts.reparentEnums:
                                # Remove element from parent <require> tag
                                # This is already done by lxml.etree, so
                                # allow for it to fail.
                                try:
                                    elem.remove(enum)
                                except ValueError:
                                    # Must be lxml.etree
                                    pass
                        else:
                            self.gen.logMsg('warn', 'NO matching group',
                                            groupName, 'for enum', enum.get('name'), 'found.')
                        addEnumInfo = True
                    elif enum.get('value') or enum.get('bitpos') or enum.get('alias'):
                        # self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'Adding extension constant "enum"',
                        #     enum.get('name'))
                        addEnumInfo = True
                    if addEnumInfo:
                        enumInfo = EnumInfo(enum)
                        self.addElementInfo(enum, enumInfo, 'enum', self.enumdict)

        self.extensions = self.reg.findall('extensions/extension')
        self.extdict = {}
        for feature in self.extensions:
            featureInfo = FeatureInfo(feature)
            self.addElementInfo(feature, featureInfo, 'extension', self.extdict)

            # Add additional enums defined only in <extension> tags
            # to the corresponding core type.
            # Algorithm matches that of enums in a "feature" tag as above.
            #
            # This code also adds a 'extnumber' attribute containing the
            # extension number, used for enumerant value calculation.
            for elem in feature.findall('require'):
                for enum in elem.findall('enum'):
                    addEnumInfo = False
                    groupName = enum.get('extends')
                    if groupName is not None:
                        # self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'Found extension enum',
                        #     enum.get('name'))

                        # Add <extension> block's extension number attribute to
                        # the <enum> element unless specified explicitly, such
                        # as when redefining an enum in another extension.
                        extnumber = enum.get('extnumber')
                        if not extnumber:
                            enum.set('extnumber', featureInfo.number)

                        enum.set('extname', featureInfo.name)
                        enum.set('supported', featureInfo.supported)
                        # Look up the GroupInfo with matching groupName
                        if groupName in self.groupdict:
                            # self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'Matching group',
                            #     groupName, 'found, adding element...')
                            gi = self.groupdict[groupName]
                            gi.elem.append(enum)

                            if self.genOpts.reparentEnums:
                                # Remove element from parent <require> tag
                                # This is already done by lxml.etree, so
                                # allow for it to fail.
                                try:
                                    elem.remove(enum)
                                except ValueError:
                                    # Must be lxml.etree
                                    pass
                        else:
                            self.gen.logMsg('warn', 'NO matching group',
                                            groupName, 'for enum', enum.get('name'), 'found.')
                        addEnumInfo = True
                    elif enum.get('value') or enum.get('bitpos') or enum.get('alias'):
                        # self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'Adding extension constant "enum"',
                        #     enum.get('name'))
                        addEnumInfo = True
                    if addEnumInfo:
                        enumInfo = EnumInfo(enum)
                        self.addElementInfo(enum, enumInfo, 'enum', self.enumdict)

        # Construct a "validextensionstructs" list for parent structures
        # based on "structextends" tags in child structures
        disabled_types = []
        for disabled_ext in self.reg.findall('extensions/extension[@supported="disabled"]'):
            for type_elem in disabled_ext.findall("*/type"):
                disabled_types.append(type_elem.get('name'))
        for type_elem in self.reg.findall('types/type'):
            if type_elem.get('name') not in disabled_types:
                parentStructs = type_elem.get('structextends')
                if parentStructs is not None:
                    for parent in parentStructs.split(','):
                        # self.gen.logMsg('diag', type.get('name'), 'extends', parent)
                        self.validextensionstructs[parent].append(type_elem.get('name'))
        # Sort the lists so they don't depend on the XML order
        for parent in self.validextensionstructs:
            self.validextensionstructs[parent].sort()

    def dumpReg(self, maxlen=120, filehandle=sys.stdout):
        """Dump all the dictionaries constructed from the Registry object.

        Diagnostic to dump the dictionaries to specified file handle (default stdout).
        Truncates type / enum / command elements to maxlen characters (default 120)"""
        write('***************************************', file=filehandle)
        write('    ** Dumping Registry contents **',     file=filehandle)
        write('***************************************', file=filehandle)
        write('// Types', file=filehandle)
        for name in self.typedict:
            tobj = self.typedict[name]
            write('    Type', name, '->', etree.tostring(tobj.elem)[0:maxlen], file=filehandle)
        write('// Groups', file=filehandle)
        for name in self.groupdict:
            gobj = self.groupdict[name]
            write('    Group', name, '->', etree.tostring(gobj.elem)[0:maxlen], file=filehandle)
        write('// Enums', file=filehandle)
        for name in self.enumdict:
            eobj = self.enumdict[name]
            write('    Enum', name, '->', etree.tostring(eobj.elem)[0:maxlen], file=filehandle)
        write('// Commands', file=filehandle)
        for name in self.cmddict:
            cobj = self.cmddict[name]
            write('    Command', name, '->', etree.tostring(cobj.elem)[0:maxlen], file=filehandle)
        write('// APIs', file=filehandle)
        for key in self.apidict:
            write('    API Version ', key, '->',
                  etree.tostring(self.apidict[key].elem)[0:maxlen], file=filehandle)
        write('// Extensions', file=filehandle)
        for key in self.extdict:
            write('    Extension', key, '->',
                  etree.tostring(self.extdict[key].elem)[0:maxlen], file=filehandle)

    def markTypeRequired(self, typename, required):
        """Require (along with its dependencies) or remove (but not its dependencies) a type.

        - typename - name of type
        - required - boolean (to tag features as required or not)
        """
        self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'tagging type:', typename, '-> required =', required)
        # Get TypeInfo object for <type> tag corresponding to typename
        typeinfo = self.lookupElementInfo(typename, self.typedict)
        if typeinfo is not None:
            if required:
                # Tag type dependencies in 'alias' and 'required' attributes as
                # required. This DOES NOT un-tag dependencies in a <remove>
                # tag. See comments in markRequired() below for the reason.
                for attrib_name in ['requires', 'alias']:
                    depname = typeinfo.elem.get(attrib_name)
                    if depname:
                        self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'Generating dependent type',
                                        depname, 'for', attrib_name, 'type', typename)
                        # Don't recurse on self-referential structures.
                        if typename != depname:
                            self.markTypeRequired(depname, required)
                        else:
                            self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'type', typename, 'is self-referential')
                # Tag types used in defining this type (e.g. in nested
                # <type> tags)
                # Look for <type> in entire <command> tree,
                # not just immediate children
                for subtype in typeinfo.elem.findall('.//type'):
                    self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'markRequired: type requires dependent <type>', subtype.text)
                    if typename != subtype.text:
                        self.markTypeRequired(subtype.text, required)
                    else:
                        self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'type', typename, 'is self-referential')
                # Tag enums used in defining this type, for example in
                #   <member><name>member</name>[<enum>MEMBER_SIZE</enum>]</member>
                for subenum in typeinfo.elem.findall('.//enum'):
                    self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'markRequired: type requires dependent <enum>', subenum.text)
                    self.markEnumRequired(subenum.text, required)
                # Tag type dependency in 'bitvalues' attributes as
                # required. This ensures that the bit values for a flag
                # are emitted
                depType = typeinfo.elem.get('bitvalues')
                if depType:
                    self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'Generating bitflag type',
                                    depType, 'for type', typename)
                    self.markTypeRequired(depType, required)
                    group = self.lookupElementInfo(depType, self.groupdict)
                    if group is not None:
                        group.flagType = typeinfo

            typeinfo.required = required
        elif '.h' not in typename:
            self.gen.logMsg('warn', 'type:', typename, 'IS NOT DEFINED')

    def markEnumRequired(self, enumname, required):
        """Mark an enum as required or not.

        - enumname - name of enum
        - required - boolean (to tag features as required or not)"""
        self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'tagging enum:', enumname, '-> required =', required)
        enum = self.lookupElementInfo(enumname, self.enumdict)
        if enum is not None:
            enum.required = required
            # Tag enum dependencies in 'alias' attribute as required
            depname = enum.elem.get('alias')
            if depname:
                self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'Generating dependent enum',
                                depname, 'for alias', enumname, 'required =', enum.required)
                self.markEnumRequired(depname, required)
        else:
            self.gen.logMsg('warn', 'enum:', enumname, 'IS NOT DEFINED')

    def markCmdRequired(self, cmdname, required):
        """Mark a command as required or not.

        - cmdname - name of command
        - required - boolean (to tag features as required or not)"""
        self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'tagging command:', cmdname, '-> required =', required)
        cmd = self.lookupElementInfo(cmdname, self.cmddict)
        if cmd is not None:
            cmd.required = required
            # Tag command dependencies in 'alias' attribute as required
            depname = cmd.elem.get('alias')
            if depname:
                self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'Generating dependent command',
                                depname, 'for alias', cmdname)
                self.markCmdRequired(depname, required)
            # Tag all parameter types of this command as required.
            # This DOES NOT remove types of commands in a <remove>
            # tag, because many other commands may use the same type.
            # We could be more clever and reference count types,
            # instead of using a boolean.
            if required:
                # Look for <type> in entire <command> tree,
                # not just immediate children
                for type_elem in cmd.elem.findall('.//type'):
                    self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'markRequired: command implicitly requires dependent type', type_elem.text)
                    self.markTypeRequired(type_elem.text, required)
        else:
            self.gen.logMsg('warn', 'command:', cmdname, 'IS NOT DEFINED')

    def markRequired(self, featurename, feature, required):
        """Require or remove features specified in the Element.

        - featurename - name of the feature
        - feature - Element for `<require>` or `<remove>` tag
        - required - boolean (to tag features as required or not)"""
        self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'markRequired (feature = <too long to print>, required =', required, ')')

        # Loop over types, enums, and commands in the tag
        # @@ It would be possible to respect 'api' and 'profile' attributes
        #  in individual features, but that's not done yet.
        for typeElem in feature.findall('type'):
            self.markTypeRequired(typeElem.get('name'), required)
        for enumElem in feature.findall('enum'):
            self.markEnumRequired(enumElem.get('name'), required)
        for cmdElem in feature.findall('command'):
            self.markCmdRequired(cmdElem.get('name'), required)

        # Extensions may need to extend existing commands or other items in the future.
        # So, look for extend tags.
        for extendElem in feature.findall('extend'):
            extendType = extendElem.get('type')
            if extendType == 'command':
                commandName = extendElem.get('name')
                successExtends = extendElem.get('successcodes')
                if successExtends is not None:
                    for success in successExtends.split(','):
                        self.commandextensionsuccesses.append(self.commandextensiontuple(command=commandName,
                                                                                         value=success,
                                                                                         extension=featurename))
                errorExtends = extendElem.get('errorcodes')
                if errorExtends is not None:
                    for error in errorExtends.split(','):
                        self.commandextensionerrors.append(self.commandextensiontuple(command=commandName,
                                                                                      value=error,
                                                                                      extension=featurename))
            else:
                self.gen.logMsg('warn', 'extend type:', extendType, 'IS NOT SUPPORTED')

    def getAlias(self, elem, dict):
        """Check for an alias in the same require block.

        - elem - Element to check for an alias"""

        # Try to find an alias
        alias = elem.get('alias')
        if alias is None:
            name = elem.get('name')
            typeinfo = self.lookupElementInfo(name, dict)
            alias = typeinfo.elem.get('alias')

        return alias

    def checkForCorrectionAliases(self, alias, require, tag):
        """Check for an alias in the same require block.

        - alias - String name of the alias
        - require -  `<require>` block from the registry
        - tag - tag to look for in the require block"""

        if alias and require.findall(tag + "[@name='" + alias + "']"):
            return True

        return False

    def fillFeatureDictionary(self, interface, featurename, api, profile):
        """Capture added interfaces for a `<version>` or `<extension>`.

        - interface - Element for `<version>` or `<extension>`, containing
          `<require>` and `<remove>` tags
        - featurename - name of the feature
        - api - string specifying API name being generated
        - profile - string specifying API profile being generated"""

        # Explicitly initialize known types - errors for unhandled categories
        self.gen.featureDictionary[featurename] = {
            "enumconstant": {},
            "command": {},
            "enum": {},
            "struct": {},
            "handle": {},
            "basetype": {},
            "include": {},
            "define": {},
            "bitmask": {},
            "union": {},
            "funcpointer": {},
        }

        # <require> marks things that are required by this version/profile
        for require in interface.findall('require'):
            if matchAPIProfile(api, profile, require):

                # Determine the required extension or version needed for a require block
                # Assumes that only one of these is specified
                required_key = require.get('feature')
                if required_key is None:
                    required_key = require.get('extension')

                # Loop over types, enums, and commands in the tag
                for typeElem in require.findall('type'):
                    typename = typeElem.get('name')
                    typeinfo = self.lookupElementInfo(typename, self.typedict)

                    if typeinfo:
                        # Remove aliases in the same extension/feature; these are always added as a correction. Don't need the original to be visible.
                        alias = self.getAlias(typeElem, self.typedict)
                        if not self.checkForCorrectionAliases(alias, require, 'type'):
                            # Resolve the type info to the actual type, so we get an accurate read for 'structextends'
                            while alias:
                                typeinfo = self.lookupElementInfo(alias, self.typedict)
                                alias = typeinfo.elem.get('alias')

                            typecat = typeinfo.elem.get('category')
                            typeextends = typeinfo.elem.get('structextends')
                            if not required_key in self.gen.featureDictionary[featurename][typecat]:
                                self.gen.featureDictionary[featurename][typecat][required_key] = {}
                            if not typeextends in self.gen.featureDictionary[featurename][typecat][required_key]:
                                self.gen.featureDictionary[featurename][typecat][required_key][typeextends] = []
                            self.gen.featureDictionary[featurename][typecat][required_key][typeextends].append(typename)

                for enumElem in require.findall('enum'):
                    enumname = enumElem.get('name')
                    typeinfo = self.lookupElementInfo(enumname, self.enumdict)

                    # Remove aliases in the same extension/feature; these are always added as a correction. Don't need the original to be visible.
                    alias = self.getAlias(enumElem, self.enumdict)
                    if not self.checkForCorrectionAliases(alias, require, 'enum'):
                        enumextends = enumElem.get('extends')
                        if not required_key in self.gen.featureDictionary[featurename]['enumconstant']:
                            self.gen.featureDictionary[featurename]['enumconstant'][required_key] = {}
                        if not enumextends in self.gen.featureDictionary[featurename]['enumconstant'][required_key]:
                            self.gen.featureDictionary[featurename]['enumconstant'][required_key][enumextends] = []
                        self.gen.featureDictionary[featurename]['enumconstant'][required_key][enumextends].append(enumname)

                for cmdElem in require.findall('command'):

                    # Remove aliases in the same extension/feature; these are always added as a correction. Don't need the original to be visible.
                    alias = self.getAlias(cmdElem, self.cmddict)
                    if not self.checkForCorrectionAliases(alias, require, 'command'):
                        if not required_key in self.gen.featureDictionary[featurename]['command']:
                            self.gen.featureDictionary[featurename]['command'][required_key] = []
                        self.gen.featureDictionary[featurename]['command'][required_key].append(cmdElem.get('name'))


    def requireAndRemoveFeatures(self, interface, featurename, api, profile):
        """Process `<require>` and `<remove>` tags for a `<version>` or `<extension>`.

        - interface - Element for `<version>` or `<extension>`, containing
          `<require>` and `<remove>` tags
        - featurename - name of the feature
        - api - string specifying API name being generated
        - profile - string specifying API profile being generated"""
        # <require> marks things that are required by this version/profile
        for feature in interface.findall('require'):
            if matchAPIProfile(api, profile, feature):
                self.markRequired(featurename, feature, True)
        # <remove> marks things that are removed by this version/profile
        for feature in interface.findall('remove'):
            if matchAPIProfile(api, profile, feature):
                self.markRequired(featurename, feature, False)

    def assignAdditionalValidity(self, interface, api, profile):
        # Loop over all usage inside all <require> tags.
        for feature in interface.findall('require'):
            if matchAPIProfile(api, profile, feature):
                for v in feature.findall('usage'):
                    if v.get('command'):
                        self.cmddict[v.get('command')].additionalValidity.append(copy.deepcopy(v))
                    if v.get('struct'):
                        self.typedict[v.get('struct')].additionalValidity.append(copy.deepcopy(v))

        # Loop over all usage inside all <remove> tags.
        for feature in interface.findall('remove'):
            if matchAPIProfile(api, profile, feature):
                for v in feature.findall('usage'):
                    if v.get('command'):
                        self.cmddict[v.get('command')].removedValidity.append(copy.deepcopy(v))
                    if v.get('struct'):
                        self.typedict[v.get('struct')].removedValidity.append(copy.deepcopy(v))

    def generateFeature(self, fname, ftype, dictionary):
        """Generate a single type / enum group / enum / command,
        and all its dependencies as needed.

        - fname - name of feature (`<type>`/`<enum>`/`<command>`)
        - ftype - type of feature, 'type' | 'enum' | 'command'
        - dictionary - of *Info objects - self.{type|enum|cmd}dict"""
        # @ # Break to debugger on matching name pattern
        # @ if self.breakPat and re.match(self.breakPat, fname):
        # @    pdb.set_trace()

        self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'generateFeature: generating', ftype, fname)
        f = self.lookupElementInfo(fname, dictionary)
        if f is None:
            # No such feature. This is an error, but reported earlier
            self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'No entry found for feature', fname,
                            'returning!')
            return

        # If feature isn't required, or has already been declared, return
        if not f.required:
            self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'Skipping', ftype, fname, '(not required)')
            return
        if f.declared:
            self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'Skipping', ftype, fname, '(already declared)')
            return
        # Always mark feature declared, as though actually emitted
        f.declared = True

        # Determine if this is an alias, and of what, if so
        alias = f.elem.get('alias')
        if alias:
            self.gen.logMsg('diag', fname, 'is an alias of', alias)

        # Pull in dependent declaration(s) of the feature.
        # For types, there may be one type in the 'requires' attribute of
        #   the element, one in the 'alias' attribute, and many in
        #   embedded <type> and <enum> tags within the element.
        # For commands, there may be many in <type> tags within the element.
        # For enums, no dependencies are allowed (though perhaps if you
        #   have a uint64 enum, it should require that type).
        genProc = None
        followupFeature = None
        if ftype == 'type':
            genProc = self.gen.genType

            # Generate type dependencies in 'alias' and 'requires' attributes
            if alias:
                self.generateFeature(alias, 'type', self.typedict)
            requires = f.elem.get('requires')
            if requires:
                self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'Generating required dependent type',
                                requires)
                self.generateFeature(requires, 'type', self.typedict)

            # Generate types used in defining this type (e.g. in nested
            # <type> tags)
            # Look for <type> in entire <command> tree,
            # not just immediate children
            for subtype in f.elem.findall('.//type'):
                self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'Generating required dependent <type>',
                                subtype.text)
                self.generateFeature(subtype.text, 'type', self.typedict)

            # Generate enums used in defining this type, for example in
            #   <member><name>member</name>[<enum>MEMBER_SIZE</enum>]</member>
            for subtype in f.elem.findall('.//enum'):
                self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'Generating required dependent <enum>',
                                subtype.text)
                self.generateFeature(subtype.text, 'enum', self.enumdict)

            # If the type is an enum group, look up the corresponding
            # group in the group dictionary and generate that instead.
            if f.elem.get('category') == 'enum':
                self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'Type', fname, 'is an enum group, so generate that instead')
                group = self.lookupElementInfo(fname, self.groupdict)
                if alias is not None:
                    # An alias of another group name.
                    # Pass to genGroup with 'alias' parameter = aliased name
                    self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'Generating alias', fname,
                                    'for enumerated type', alias)
                    # Now, pass the *aliased* GroupInfo to the genGroup, but
                    # with an additional parameter which is the alias name.
                    genProc = self.gen.genGroup
                    f = self.lookupElementInfo(alias, self.groupdict)
                elif group is None:
                    self.gen.logMsg('warn', 'Skipping enum type', fname,
                                    ': No matching enumerant group')
                    return
                else:
                    genProc = self.gen.genGroup
                    f = group

                    # @ The enum group is not ready for generation. At this
                    # @   point, it contains all <enum> tags injected by
                    # @   <extension> tags without any verification of whether
                    # @   they're required or not. It may also contain
                    # @   duplicates injected by multiple consistent
                    # @   definitions of an <enum>.

                    # @ Pass over each enum, marking its enumdict[] entry as
                    # @ required or not. Mark aliases of enums as required,
                    # @ too.

                    enums = group.elem.findall('enum')

                    self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'generateFeature: checking enums for group', fname)

                    # Check for required enums, including aliases
                    # LATER - Check for, report, and remove duplicates?
                    enumAliases = []
                    for elem in enums:
                        name = elem.get('name')

                        required = False

                        extname = elem.get('extname')
                        version = elem.get('version')
                        if extname is not None:
                            # 'supported' attribute was injected when the <enum> element was
                            # moved into the <enums> group in Registry.parseTree()
                            if self.genOpts.defaultExtensions == elem.get('supported'):
                                required = True
                            elif re.match(self.genOpts.addExtensions, extname) is not None:
                                required = True
                        elif version is not None:
                            required = re.match(self.genOpts.emitversions, version) is not None
                        else:
                            required = True

                        self.gen.logMsg('diag', '* required =', required, 'for', name)
                        if required:
                            # Mark this element as required (in the element, not the EnumInfo)
                            elem.set('required', 'true')
                            # If it's an alias, track that for later use
                            enumAlias = elem.get('alias')
                            if enumAlias:
                                enumAliases.append(enumAlias)
                    for elem in enums:
                        name = elem.get('name')
                        if name in enumAliases:
                            elem.set('required', 'true')
                            self.gen.logMsg('diag', '* also need to require alias', name)
            if f.elem.get('category') == 'bitmask':
                followupFeature = f.elem.get('bitvalues')
        elif ftype == 'command':
            # Generate command dependencies in 'alias' attribute
            if alias:
                self.generateFeature(alias, 'command', self.cmddict)

            genProc = self.gen.genCmd
            for type_elem in f.elem.findall('.//type'):
                depname = type_elem.text
                self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'Generating required parameter type',
                                depname)
                self.generateFeature(depname, 'type', self.typedict)
        elif ftype == 'enum':
            # Generate enum dependencies in 'alias' attribute
            if alias:
                self.generateFeature(alias, 'enum', self.enumdict)
            genProc = self.gen.genEnum

        # Actually generate the type only if emitting declarations
        if self.emitFeatures:
            self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'Emitting', ftype, 'decl for', fname)
            genProc(f, fname, alias)
        else:
            self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'Skipping', ftype, fname,
                            '(should not be emitted)')

        if followupFeature:
            self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'Generating required bitvalues <enum>',
                            followupFeature)
            self.generateFeature(followupFeature, "type", self.typedict)

    def generateRequiredInterface(self, interface):
        """Generate all interfaces required by an API version or extension.

        - interface - Element for `<version>` or `<extension>`"""

        # Loop over all features inside all <require> tags.
        for features in interface.findall('require'):
            for t in features.findall('type'):
                self.generateFeature(t.get('name'), 'type', self.typedict)
            for e in features.findall('enum'):
                self.generateFeature(e.get('name'), 'enum', self.enumdict)
            for c in features.findall('command'):
                self.generateFeature(c.get('name'), 'command', self.cmddict)

    def apiGen(self):
        """Generate interface for specified versions using the current
        generator and generator options"""

        self.gen.logMsg('diag', '*******************************************')
        self.gen.logMsg('diag', '  Registry.apiGen file:', self.genOpts.filename,
                        'api:', self.genOpts.apiname,
                        'profile:', self.genOpts.profile)
        self.gen.logMsg('diag', '*******************************************')

        # Reset required/declared flags for all features
        self.apiReset()

        # Compile regexps used to select versions & extensions
        regVersions = re.compile(self.genOpts.versions)
        regEmitVersions = re.compile(self.genOpts.emitversions)
        regAddExtensions = re.compile(self.genOpts.addExtensions)
        regRemoveExtensions = re.compile(self.genOpts.removeExtensions)
        regEmitExtensions = re.compile(self.genOpts.emitExtensions)

        # Get all matching API feature names & add to list of FeatureInfo
        # Note we used to select on feature version attributes, not names.
        features = []
        apiMatch = False
        for key in self.apidict:
            fi = self.apidict[key]
            api = fi.elem.get('api')
            if api == self.genOpts.apiname:
                apiMatch = True
                if regVersions.match(fi.name):
                    # Matches API & version #s being generated. Mark for
                    # emission and add to the features[] list .
                    # @@ Could use 'declared' instead of 'emit'?
                    fi.emit = (regEmitVersions.match(fi.name) is not None)
                    features.append(fi)
                    if not fi.emit:
                        self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'NOT tagging feature api =', api,
                                        'name =', fi.name, 'version =', fi.version,
                                        'for emission (does not match emitversions pattern)')
                    else:
                        self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'Including feature api =', api,
                                        'name =', fi.name, 'version =', fi.version,
                                        'for emission (matches emitversions pattern)')
                else:
                    self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'NOT including feature api =', api,
                                    'name =', fi.name, 'version =', fi.version,
                                    '(does not match requested versions)')
            else:
                self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'NOT including feature api =', api,
                                'name =', fi.name,
                                '(does not match requested API)')
        if not apiMatch:
            self.gen.logMsg('warn', 'No matching API versions found!')

        # Get all matching extensions, in order by their extension number,
        # and add to the list of features.
        # Start with extensions tagged with 'api' pattern matching the API
        # being generated. Add extensions matching the pattern specified in
        # regExtensions, then remove extensions matching the pattern
        # specified in regRemoveExtensions
        for (extName, ei) in sorted(self.extdict.items(), key=lambda x: x[1].number if x[1].number is not None else '0'):
            extName = ei.name
            include = False

            # Include extension if defaultExtensions is not None and if the
            # 'supported' attribute matches defaultExtensions. The regexp in
            # 'supported' must exactly match defaultExtensions, so bracket
            # it with ^(pat)$.
            pat = '^(' + ei.elem.get('supported') + ')$'
            if (self.genOpts.defaultExtensions
                    and re.match(pat, self.genOpts.defaultExtensions)):
                self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'Including extension',
                                extName, "(defaultExtensions matches the 'supported' attribute)")
                include = True

            # Include additional extensions if the extension name matches
            # the regexp specified in the generator options. This allows
            # forcing extensions into an interface even if they're not
            # tagged appropriately in the registry.
            if regAddExtensions.match(extName) is not None:
                self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'Including extension',
                                extName, '(matches explicitly requested extensions to add)')
                include = True
            # Remove extensions if the name matches the regexp specified
            # in generator options. This allows forcing removal of
            # extensions from an interface even if they're tagged that
            # way in the registry.
            if regRemoveExtensions.match(extName) is not None:
                self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'Removing extension',
                                extName, '(matches explicitly requested extensions to remove)')
                include = False

            # If the extension is to be included, add it to the
            # extension features list.
            if include:
                ei.emit = (regEmitExtensions.match(extName) is not None)
                features.append(ei)
                if not ei.emit:
                    self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'NOT tagging extension',
                                    extName,
                                    'for emission (does not match emitextensions pattern)')

                # Hack - can be removed when validity generator goes away
                # (Jon) I'm not sure what this does, or if it should respect
                # the ei.emit flag above.
                self.requiredextensions.append(extName)
            else:
                self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'NOT including extension',
                                extName, '(does not match api attribute or explicitly requested extensions)')

        # Sort the features list, if a sort procedure is defined
        if self.genOpts.sortProcedure:
            self.genOpts.sortProcedure(features)
            # print('sortProcedure ->', [f.name for f in features])

        # Pass 1: loop over requested API versions and extensions tagging
        #   types/commands/features as required (in an <require> block) or no
        #   longer required (in an <remove> block). It is possible to remove
        #   a feature in one version and restore it later by requiring it in
        #   a later version.
        # If a profile other than 'None' is being generated, it must
        #   match the profile attribute (if any) of the <require> and
        #   <remove> tags.
        self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'PASS 1: TAG FEATURES')
        for f in features:
            self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'PASS 1: Tagging required and removed features for',
                            f.name)
            self.fillFeatureDictionary(f.elem, f.name, self.genOpts.apiname, self.genOpts.profile)
            self.requireAndRemoveFeatures(f.elem, f.name, self.genOpts.apiname, self.genOpts.profile)
            self.assignAdditionalValidity(f.elem, self.genOpts.apiname, self.genOpts.profile)

        # Pass 2: loop over specified API versions and extensions printing
        #   declarations for required things which haven't already been
        #   generated.
        self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'PASS 2: GENERATE INTERFACES FOR FEATURES')
        self.gen.beginFile(self.genOpts)
        for f in features:
            self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'PASS 2: Generating interface for',
                            f.name)
            emit = self.emitFeatures = f.emit
            if not emit:
                self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'PASS 2: NOT declaring feature',
                                f.elem.get('name'), 'because it is not tagged for emission')
            # Generate the interface (or just tag its elements as having been
            # emitted, if they haven't been).
            self.gen.beginFeature(f.elem, emit)
            self.generateRequiredInterface(f.elem)
            self.gen.endFeature()
        self.gen.endFile()

    def apiReset(self):
        """Reset type/enum/command dictionaries before generating another API.

        Use between apiGen() calls to reset internal state."""
        for datatype in self.typedict:
            self.typedict[datatype].resetState()
        for enum in self.enumdict:
            self.enumdict[enum].resetState()
        for cmd in self.cmddict:
            self.cmddict[cmd].resetState()
        for cmd in self.apidict:
            self.apidict[cmd].resetState()

    def validateGroups(self):
        """Validate `group=` attributes on `<param>` and `<proto>` tags.

        Check that `group=` attributes match actual groups"""
        # Keep track of group names not in <group> tags
        badGroup = {}
        self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'VALIDATING GROUP ATTRIBUTES')
        for cmd in self.reg.findall('commands/command'):
            proto = cmd.find('proto')
            # funcname = cmd.find('proto/name').text
            group = proto.get('group')
            if group is not None and group not in self.groupdict:
                # self.gen.logMsg('diag', '*** Command ', funcname, ' has UNKNOWN return group ', group)
                if group not in badGroup:
                    badGroup[group] = 1
                else:
                    badGroup[group] = badGroup[group] + 1

            for param in cmd.findall('param'):
                pname = param.find('name')
                if pname is not None:
                    pname = pname.text
                else:
                    pname = param.get('name')
                group = param.get('group')
                if group is not None and group not in self.groupdict:
                    # self.gen.logMsg('diag', '*** Command ', funcname, ' param ', pname, ' has UNKNOWN group ', group)
                    if group not in badGroup:
                        badGroup[group] = 1
                    else:
                        badGroup[group] = badGroup[group] + 1

        if badGroup:
            self.gen.logMsg('diag', 'SUMMARY OF UNRECOGNIZED GROUPS')
            for key in sorted(badGroup.keys()):
                self.gen.logMsg('diag', '    ', key, ' occurred ', badGroup[key], ' times')